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This study addresses the primary decoherence bottleneck in nitrogen-vacancy centers by demonstrating how spin-bath interactions can be harnessed to extend coherence times via many-body entanglement. The findings reveal that specific magnetic field orientations enable stable, long-lived oscillations robust against environmental noise, offering significant potential for advancing quantum sensing and fundamental many-body physics research.
Spin bath mediated long-lived coherent oscillations of NV centers in diamond
arXiv:2606.30146v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Decoherence is the biggest bottleneck in all quantum technologies. For nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, the loss of coherence is caused by the electron and nuclear spin bath of the diamond lattice. Here, we demonstrate that the spin bath - that typically causes decoherence - entangles the spin states of the NV electron and the host $^{14}$N nucleus. The many-body interaction between the $^{14}$N nucleus - electron - bath spins at an energy level anti-crossing occurring for an applied magnetic field orientation perpendicular to the NV axis is responsible for this effect. This is observed experimentally in NV ensembles via electron spin-echo measurements, where the echo envelope is modulated at the frequency of a $^{14}$N nuclear spin transition. Using numerical simulations, we show that the spin bath coupling to the NV centers is essential for observing this modulation. Due to the zero first-order Zeeman effect at the anti-crossing, the observed oscillations have long spin-echo coherence times, 2--3 times those at the parallel magnetic field orientation. The oscillation frequency is highly stable and robust against environmental fluctuations. These findings provide new opportunities for fundamental studies of many-body physics and quantum sensing.
Abstract:Decoherence is the biggest bottleneck in all quantum technologies. For nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, the loss of coherence is caused by the electron and nuclear spin bath of the diamond lattice. Here, we demonstrate that the spin bath - that typically causes decoherence - entangles the spin states of the NV electron and the host $^{14}$N nucleus. The many-body interaction between the $^{14}$N nucleus - electron - bath spins at an energy level anti-crossing occurring for an applied magnetic field orientation perpendicular to the NV axis is responsible for this effect. This is observed experimentally in NV ensembles via electron spin-echo measurements, where the echo envelope is modulated at the frequency of a $^{14}$N nuclear spin transition. Using numerical simulations, we show that the spin bath coupling to the NV centers is essential for observing this modulation. Due to the zero first-order Zeeman effect at the anti-crossing, the observed oscillations have long spin-echo coherence times, 2--3 times those at the parallel magnetic field orientation. The oscillation frequency is highly stable and robust against environmental fluctuations. These findings provide new opportunities for fundamental studies of many-body physics and quantum sensing.
Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
arXiv:2606.30146 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2606.30146v3 [quant-ph] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.30146 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 287 words
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