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This research demonstrates a novel architecture using "giant atoms" to achieve continuous tunability in Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometers, allowing precise control over photon bunching and splitting. By surpassing the limitations of binary coincidence measurements, this advancement offers significantly improved sensitivity for parameter estimation within photonic circuits. Such programmable quantum interference capabilities are critical for developing flexible, high-precision components in future quantum communication and computing systems.
Researchers Build Tunable Hong, Ou, Mandel Interferometer
Two photons usually merge at a beam splitter but can now be directed to separate outputs instead. A new architecture uses a ‘giant atom’ to continuously tune this behaviour, switching between bunching light or splitting it across different paths. This level of control over photon interactions promises more flexible designs for future photonic circuits.
Distinguishable photons impinging on a balanced beam splitter bunch into the same output port. A giant atom (GA), coupled to two waveguides via two coupling points each, functions as a programmable HOM interferometer, enabling continuous control over single-photon beam splitting and two-photon interference. This programmability originates from coupling-phase differences within the GA, which tune its self-interference and directionality, thereby modifying its scattering…
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