Ground-state preparation via nonlinear quantum dissipation

Abstract:Ground-state preparation of quantum many-body systems is a fundamental challenge across quantum science, with implications for quantum simulation, quantum computing, and the study of complex quantum matter. The exponential growth of Hilbert space and the complexity of entangled eigenstates motivate the development of new approaches that go beyond conventional strategies based on adiabatic evolution, variational optimization, imaginary-time methods, and engineered dissipative processes. Here, we demonstrate that the recently proposed quantum Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (QLLG) dynamics [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 133}, 266704 (2024)] provides an intrinsic nonlinear dissipative mechanism for real-time ground-state preparation. Unlike engineered dissipative schemes, QLLG encodes relaxation directly into the quantum equation of motion while preserving the underlying quantum structure of the evolution. The QLLG evolution selectively suppresses excited-state contributions, driving the system toward the lowest-energy eigenstate within the accessible symmetry sector. We show that the dynamics admits a monotonic energy functional and a stable ground-state fixed point, and that for generic initial states in an $N$-qubit Hilbert space the characteristic convergence time scales linearly with $N$ and inversely with the spectral gap. Numerical simulations of an interacting spin chain confirm our analytical predictions. These results establish nonlinear dissipative QLLG dynamics as a new avenue for quantum state preparation, opening a new route for quantum simulation, computation, and state engineering.

arXiv:2604.03731 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2604.03731v2 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2604.03731 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Phys. Rev. B 114, 204407 (2026)

https://doi.org/10.1103/nsdt-mntf Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources

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