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This research introduces distribution matching distillation techniques to significantly reduce the computational cost of continuous diffusion language models, achieving up to a 49% reduction in network evaluations without sacrificing generation quality. By unifying gradient estimators for both continuous and categorical token outputs, the study offers practical pathways to make parallel token generation more efficient for large-scale deployment.
Distribution Matching Distillation for Continuous Diffusion Language Models
arXiv:2609.40235v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Continuous diffusion language models generate all tokens in parallel, yet high-quality generation can still require hundreds of network evaluations (NFEs). We study how distributional distillation can reduce this cost by exploiting the student's probabilistic token outputs. Our unified formulation connects the student's output parameterization to the resulting gradient estimators and yields two methods with the same student architecture and reverse-KL matching objective: Simplex-DMD uses continuous token relaxations and pathwise gradients, while Reinforce-DMD uses categorical sampling and REINFORCE with a learned density ratio. We develop both methods for multi-step generation and investigate the training and sampling choices associated with each parameterization. On OpenWebText, for sequences of 1,024 tokens, Simplex-DMD achieves a generative perplexity of 45.6 at a unigram entropy of 5.44 nats in just 4 NFEs, a 49% reduction relative to the strongest evaluated diffusion baseline at matched entropy and sampling budget. Reinforce-DMD improves the frontier at larger budgets, reaching a generative perplexity of 14.9 at an entropy of 5.00 nats with 256 NFEs, a 20% reduction under the same comparison protocol.
Abstract:Continuous diffusion language models generate all tokens in parallel, yet high-quality generation can still require hundreds of network evaluations (NFEs). We study how distributional distillation can reduce this cost by exploiting the student's probabilistic token outputs. Our unified formulation connects the student's output parameterization to the resulting gradient estimators and yields two methods with the same student architecture and reverse-KL matching objective: Simplex-DMD uses continuous token relaxations and pathwise gradients, while Reinforce-DMD uses categorical sampling and REINFORCE with a learned density ratio. We develop both methods for multi-step generation and investigate the training and sampling choices associated with each parameterization. On OpenWebText, for sequences of 1,024 tokens, Simplex-DMD achieves a generative perplexity of 45.6 at a unigram entropy of 5.44 nats in just 4 NFEs, a 49% reduction relative to the strongest evaluated diffusion baseline at matched entropy and sampling budget. Reinforce-DMD improves the frontier at larger budgets, reaching a generative perplexity of 14.9 at an entropy of 5.00 nats with 256 NFEs, a 20% reduction under the same comparison protocol.
Machine Learning (cs.LG); Computation and Language (cs.CL); Machine Learning (stat.ML)
arXiv:2609.40235 [cs.LG]
(or arXiv:2609.40235v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.40235 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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