Quantum scorecard

IBM

Superconducting

IBM ships Nighthawk, 120 physical qubits, announced Nov 2025. Next on its roadmap: Kookaburra, 2026.

Latest activity on record: Oct 16, 2026

Published figures

Each figure names its device and links to where it was published.

Ships today: 120physical qubitsNighthawk · Nov 2025 · curated
Two-qubit gate fidelity: 99.7%Heron R2 · vendor
Quantum volume: 2,048Heron r3 "Pittsburgh" · Wikipedia
Largest device to date: 1,121physical qubitsCondor · Dec 2023
Latest round in the ledger: $1BVentureOct 2026 · Inside Quantum Technology

Qubit count over time

20 announced devices, by announcement date. Records such as logical-qubit demonstrations are listed below, not plotted. The line traces the largest device to date.

Roadmap

Targets the vendor has published. A target is a promise, not a result.

2026Kookaburra — modular 4,158-qubit systemnext
2029Starling — 200 logical qubits, 100M gates
2033Blue Jay — 2,000 logical qubits, 1B gates

Every milestone on record

20 entries, newest first.

Date	Device	Figure	Origin	Source
Nov 2025	NighthawkCommercial delivery: 218 tunable couplers, circuits up to ~5,000 two-qubit gates.120 physical qubitscuratedSource — Nighthawk	120 physical qubits	curated	Source — Nighthawk
Nov 2024	Heron R2Updated Heron with lower crosstalk and larger circuit depth.156 physical qubitscuratedSource — Heron R2	156 physical qubits	curated	Source — Heron R2
Dec 2023	CondorIBM's first >1000-qubit processor.1,121 physical qubitscuratedSource — Condor	1,121 physical qubits	curated	Source — Condor
Dec 2023	Heron R13–5× lower error rate than Eagle; the utility-scale successor.133 physical qubitscuratedSource — Heron R1	133 physical qubits	curated	Source — Heron R1
Dec 2023	IBM Heron133 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM Heron	133 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Heron
Nov 2022	Osprey433 physical qubitscuratedSource — Osprey	433 physical qubits	curated	Source — Osprey
Nov 2021	EagleFirst >100-qubit superconducting processor.127 physical qubitscuratedSource — Eagle	127 physical qubits	curated	Source — Eagle
Aug 2020	IBM Hummingbird65 physical qubitscuratedSource — IBM Hummingbird	65 physical qubits	curated	Source — IBM Hummingbird
Oct 2019	IBM Armonk1 physical qubitWikipediaSource — IBM Armonk	1 physical qubit	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Armonk
Oct 2019	IBM Q 5353 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM Q 53	53 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Q 53
Sep 2019	IBM London5 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM London	5 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM London
Sep 2019	IBM Burlington5 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM Burlington	5 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Burlington
Sep 2019	IBM Essex5 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM Essex	5 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Essex
Jul 2019	IBM Vigo5 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM Vigo	5 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Vigo
Jul 2019	IBM Ourense5 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM Ourense	5 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Ourense
Jan 2019	IBM Q System OneFirst integrated commercial quantum system.20 physical qubitscuratedSource — IBM Q System One	20 physical qubits	curated	Source — IBM Q System One
Nov 2017	IBM Q 20 Tokyo20 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM Q 20 Tokyo	20 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Q 20 Tokyo
May 2017	IBM Q 1717 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM Q 17	17 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Q 17
May 2017	IBM Q 16 Rüschlikon16 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM Q 16 Rüschlikon	16 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Q 16 Rüschlikon
Jan 2016	IBM Q 5 Tenerife5 physical qubitsWikipediaSource — IBM Q 5 Tenerife	5 physical qubits	Wikipedia	Source — IBM Q 5 Tenerife

curated: from the code-reviewed milestone list, sourced to the vendor · reviewed: a news-surfaced milestone an editor published · Wikipedia: synced from Wikipedia's list of quantum processors.

System benchmarks on real hardware

metriq-gym runs from the Unitary Foundation's metriq-data dataset, newest run per device. Each benchmark has its own direction; scores do not compare across benchmarks.

BSEQ — largest connected qubit set (Metriq)
higher is better · qubits
IBM Boston
156Dec 9, 2025
IBM Fez
155Oct 19, 2025
IBM Pittsburgh
152Oct 19, 2025
IBM Marrakesh
149Oct 19, 2025
and 4 more devices — see Field data
CLOPS — circuit layer operations per second (Metriq)
higher is better · clops
IBM Phoenix
2,551,868Sep 11, 2026
IBM Fez
368,905Feb 17, 2026
IBM Kingston
362,372Feb 17, 2026
IBM Boston
360,574Feb 9, 2026
and 4 more devices — see Field data
EPLG — error per layered gate (Metriq)
lower is better · eplg
IBM Kingston
5.49e-3Aug 20, 2026
IBM Boston
7.36e-3Feb 18, 2026
IBM Pittsburgh
0.0203Feb 19, 2026
IBM Phoenix
0.026Sep 11, 2026
and 4 more devices — see Field data
Linear Ramp QAOA at 20 qubits (Metriq)
higher is better · approx-ratio
IBM Boston
0.6641Nov 26, 2025
IBM Phoenix
0.625Sep 11, 2026
IBM Pittsburgh
0.6222Feb 17, 2026
IBM Miami
0.6058Apr 16, 2026
and 4 more devices — see Field data
Mirror circuits polarization, 16 qubits × 32 layers (Metriq)
higher is better · polarization
IBM Boston
0.4952Dec 16, 2025
IBM Marrakesh
0.4846Dec 16, 2025
IBM Pittsburgh
0.4613Dec 16, 2025
IBM Phoenix
0.4056Sep 11, 2026
and 4 more devices — see Field data
QML Kernel accuracy at 20 qubits (Metriq)
higher is better · accuracy
IBM Boston
0.742Dec 8, 2025
IBM Kingston
0.6Nov 11, 2025
IBM Phoenix
0.584Sep 11, 2026
IBM Torino
0.488Nov 11, 2025
and 5 more devices — see Field data
WIT witness expectation at 7 qubits (Metriq)
higher is better · expectation
IBM Phoenix
0.9169Sep 11, 2026
IBM Boston
0.8972Dec 16, 2025
IBM Pittsburgh
0.8882Feb 10, 2026
IBM Miami
0.8835Apr 16, 2026
and 5 more devices — see Field data

Funding rounds in the ledger

Extracted from news coverage and de-duplicated; amounts as published.

Date	Round	Amount	Source
Oct 15, 2026	VentureIBM	$1B	Inside Quantum Technology ↗

Recent headlines

Not on record for IBM yet: a live fleet API.

Quantum · Timeline

IBM, in order

Everything the site tracks for IBM — hardware, records, advantage claims it took part in, funding and its own roadmap — newest first.

Newest on the timeline

Hardware11 months agoIBM Nighthawk120 physical qubits
Funding4 days agoIBM$1B
Advantage claim3 months agoibm_boston_dcs_nq70_depth70_checks27IBM, UChicago

All 49 Hardware 20 Records 7 Advantage claims 18 Funding 1 Roadmap 3

Lanes and years

Jump to year

Promised next · 3

Roadmap targets whose year has not arrived yet, at the vendor's own date. They move into the timeline when the year passes, as shipped or as past their date.

2026
RoadmapSuperconductingPromised for 2026
IBM · Kookaburra — modular 4,158-qubit system
IBM roadmap
2029
RoadmapSuperconductingPromised for 2029
IBM · Starling — 200 logical qubits, 100M gates
IBM roadmap
2033
RoadmapSuperconductingPromised for 2033
IBM · Blue Jay — 2,000 logical qubits, 1B gates
IBM roadmap

20267 events

Oct 15
FundingSuperconducting
IBM
$1B
Venture round · Investors: U.S. Government (Department of Commerce)
Inside Quantum Technology
Jul 9
Advantage claim · Classically verifiable
ibm_boston_dcs_nq70_depth70_checks27
0.3%score on this instance (higher is better)
Instance doped_random_graph_sampling_nq70_depth70_checks27 · IBM, UChicago
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Jul 1
Advantage claim · Observable estimation
Simulating SU(2) Hadron dynamics on a 60 site lattice using 120 qubits
60.0054estimated observable, against this instance's reference
Instance su2_hadron_dynamics_lsh_x_100_meson · Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, IBM
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Apr 29
Advantage claim · Classically verifiable
ibm_boston_rgs_nq70_depth70_checks27_basis_fstate
0.4%score on this instance (higher is better)
Instance random_graph_sampling_nq70_depth70_checks27_basis_fstate · IBM, University of Chicago
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Apr 1
Advantage claim · Observable estimation
Simulating SU(2) Hadron dynamics on a 60 site lattice using 120 qubits
59.994estimated observable, against this instance's reference
Instance su2_hadron_dynamics_lsh_x_100_meson · Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, IBM
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Feb 14
Advantage claim · Classically verifiable
mpo_unswapping_56_1917
100%score on this instance (higher is better)
Instance peaked_circuit_P9_Hqap_56x1917 · IBM
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Feb 13
Advantage claim · Classically verifiable
tno_cancellation_49x5072
100%score on this instance (higher is better)
Instance peaked_circuit_heavy_hex_49x5072 · IBM
Quantum Advantage Tracker

202515 events

Dec 19
Advantage claim · Classically verifiable
Quantum runtime for peaked circuit 49q x 5072 CZ's on heavy-hex
100%score on this instance (higher is better)
Instance peaked_circuit_heavy_hex_49x5072 · IBM
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Dec 2
Advantage claim · Observable estimation
49x1296, ibm_pittsburgh
0.649estimated observable, against this instance's reference
Instance operator_loschmidt_echo_49x1296 · IBM, Algorithmiq, Flatiron Institute
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Dec 2
Advantage claim · Observable estimation
49x1296, ibm_boston (layout 2)
0.657estimated observable, against this instance's reference
Instance operator_loschmidt_echo_49x1296 · IBM, Algorithmiq, Flatiron Institute
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Nov 21
Advantage claim · Observable estimation
Single_path_MC_70x1872
0.614estimated observable, against this instance's reference
Instance operator_loschmidt_echo_70x1872 · University of Chicago, IBM, Algorithmiq, EPFL, Flatiron Institute
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Nov 21
Advantage claim · Observable estimation
Single_path_MC_49x1296
0.619estimated observable, against this instance's reference
Instance operator_loschmidt_echo_49x1296 · University of Chicago, IBM, Algorithmiq, EPFL, Flatiron Institute
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Nov 21
Advantage claim · Observable estimation
Single_path_MC_49x648
0.808estimated observable, against this instance's reference
Instance operator_loschmidt_echo_49x648 · University of Chicago, IBM, Algorithmiq, EPFL, Flatiron Institute
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Nov 12
Advantage claim · Classically verifiable
TNO + Iterative Cancellation for peaked_circuit_heavy_hex_49x4020
100%score on this instance (higher is better)
Instance peaked_circuit_heavy_hex_49x4020 · IBM
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Nov 12
Advantage claim · Classically verifiable
Quantum Runtime for peaked_circuit_heavy_hex_49x4020
100%score on this instance (higher is better)
Instance peaked_circuit_heavy_hex_49x4020 · IBM
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Nov 12
Advantage claim · Observable estimation
49x648, ibm_boston
0.824estimated observable, against this instance's reference
Instance operator_loschmidt_echo_49x648 · IBM, Algorithmiq, Flatiron Institute
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Nov 12
Advantage claim · Observable estimation
49x1296, ibm_boston
0.662estimated observable, against this instance's reference
Instance operator_loschmidt_echo_49x1296 · IBM, Algorithmiq, Flatiron Institute
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Nov 12
Advantage claim · Observable estimation
70x1872, ibm_boston
0.673estimated observable, against this instance's reference
Instance operator_loschmidt_echo_70x1872 · IBM, Algorithmiq, Flatiron Institute
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Nov 12
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM Nighthawk
120physical qubits
Commercial delivery: 218 tunable couplers, circuits up to ~5,000 two-qubit gates.
IBM announcement
Nov 10
Advantage claim · Variational
SKQD
-62.2567energy in Hartree (lower is better)
Instance anderson_impurity_model_4i_28b_32e · IBM, ORNL, University of Maryland
Quantum Advantage Tracker
Aug 2025
Quantum volumeSuperconducting
IBM Heron r3 "Pittsburgh"
2,048quantum volume
Wikipedia
Aug 2025
Quantum volumeSuperconducting
IBM Heron r3 "Pittsburgh"
1,024quantum volume
Wikipedia

20241 event

Nov 13
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM Heron R2
156physical qubits
Updated Heron with lower crosstalk and larger circuit depth.
IBM announcement

20233 events

Dec 4
HardwareSuperconductingLane record
IBM Condor
1,121physical qubits
IBM's first >1000-qubit processor.
IBM announcement
Dec 4
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM Heron R1
133physical qubits
3–5× lower error rate than Eagle; the utility-scale successor.
IBM announcement
Dec 2023
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM Heron
133physical qubits
Wikipedia

20223 events

Nov 9
HardwareSuperconductingLane record
IBM Osprey
433physical qubits
IBM announcement
May 2022
Quantum volumeSuperconducting
IBM Falcon r10 "Prague"
512quantum volume
Wikipedia
Apr 2022
Quantum volumeSuperconducting
IBM Falcon r10 "Prague"
256quantum volume
Wikipedia

20211 event

Nov 16
HardwareSuperconductingLane record
IBM Eagle
127physical qubits
First >100-qubit superconducting processor.
IBM announcement

20204 events

Dec 2020
Quantum volumeSuperconducting
IBM Falcon r4 "Montreal"
128quantum volume
Wikipedia
Aug 31
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM Hummingbird
65physical qubits
IBM announcement
Aug 2020
Quantum volumeSuperconducting
IBM Falcon r4 "Montreal"
64quantum volume
Wikipedia
Jan 2020
Quantum volumeSuperconductingNew record
IBM Raleigh
32quantum volume
Wikipedia

20198 events

Oct 16
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM Armonk
1physical qubit
Wikipedia
Oct 2019
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM Q 53
53physical qubits
Wikipedia
Sep 13
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM Burlington
5physical qubits
Wikipedia
Sep 13
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM Essex
5physical qubits
Wikipedia
Sep 13
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM London
5physical qubits
Wikipedia
Jul 3
HardwareSuperconducting
IBM Ourense
5physical qubits
Wikipedia

Show older · 6 more

Sources

Vendor announcements (curated, reviewed by hand)
Wikipedia: quantum processors and quantum volume · CC BY-SA 4.0
awesome-quantum-computing-experiments · MIT
Quantum Advantage Tracker · Apache 2.0
Funding rounds from the news corpus
Vendor roadmaps

What the units count

Physical qubits: The hardware qubits on the device, before any error correction.
Atoms: Neutral-atom vendors count the atoms trapped in the array; each one can act as a physical qubit.
Algorithmic qubits (AQ): IonQ's own system-level metric: the widest circuit at which a fixed set of benchmark algorithms still succeeds. No other vendor publishes it.
Logical qubits: Error-corrected qubits, each encoded across many physical ones. The codes differ between demonstrations, so two records rarely mean the same thing.
Quantum volume: A system-level score (a power of two) from square random circuits. Vendors run it under their own assumptions.
Two-qubit gate fidelity: How often a two-qubit gate does what it should, as a percent. The cards show the best published figure, with its device and source.

← All vendors Compare IBM with other vendors

Published figures

Qubit count over time

Roadmap

Every milestone on record

System benchmarks on real hardware

BSEQ — largest connected qubit set (Metriq)

CLOPS — circuit layer operations per second (Metriq)

EPLG — error per layered gate (Metriq)

Linear Ramp QAOA at 20 qubits (Metriq)

Mirror circuits polarization, 16 qubits × 32 layers (Metriq)

QML Kernel accuracy at 20 qubits (Metriq)

WIT witness expectation at 7 qubits (Metriq)

Funding rounds in the ledger

Recent headlines

IBM · Kookaburra — modular 4,158-qubit system

IBM · Starling — 200 logical qubits, 100M gates

IBM · Blue Jay — 2,000 logical qubits, 1B gates

20267 events

IBM

ibm_boston_dcs_nq70_depth70_checks27

Simulating SU(2) Hadron dynamics on a 60 site lattice using 120 qubits

ibm_boston_rgs_nq70_depth70_checks27_basis_fstate

Simulating SU(2) Hadron dynamics on a 60 site lattice using 120 qubits

mpo_unswapping_56_1917

tno_cancellation_49x5072

202515 events

Quantum runtime for peaked circuit 49q x 5072 CZ's on heavy-hex

49x1296, ibm_pittsburgh

49x1296, ibm_boston (layout 2)

Single_path_MC_70x1872

Single_path_MC_49x1296

Single_path_MC_49x648

TNO + Iterative Cancellation for peaked_circuit_heavy_hex_49x4020

Quantum Runtime for peaked_circuit_heavy_hex_49x4020

49x648, ibm_boston

49x1296, ibm_boston

70x1872, ibm_boston

IBM Nighthawk

SKQD

IBM Heron r3 "Pittsburgh"

IBM Heron r3 "Pittsburgh"

20241 event

IBM Heron R2

20233 events

IBM Condor

IBM Heron R1

IBM Heron

20223 events

IBM Osprey

IBM Falcon r10 "Prague"

IBM Falcon r10 "Prague"

20211 event

IBM Eagle

20204 events

IBM Falcon r4 "Montreal"

IBM Hummingbird

IBM Falcon r4 "Montreal"

IBM Raleigh

20198 events

IBM Armonk

IBM Q 53

IBM Burlington

IBM Essex

IBM London

IBM Ourense

Sources

What the units count