aiqbench analysis
This research introduces VENOM, a GPT-based model designed for full-body motion tracking across diverse humanoid robots without decoupling upper or lower body controls. By leveraging demonstration data alone in simulation, the approach achieves stability comparable to reinforcement learning experts while outperforming standard multi-humanoid supervised learning methods like MLPs. This advancement addresses critical challenges in embodied AI by enabling versatile control policies that generalize effectively across different robot architectures.
VENOM: Versatile Embodied Network for Omni-bodied Motion tracking
arXiv:2606.16696v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Achieving expert-level expressive full-body motion tracking across multiple humanoids solely from demonstration data remains a challenging and relatively an underexplored problem in humanoid robot learning. Cross-embodiment motion tracking policies are mostly trained by decoupling the control problem into upper and lower body control. This work proposes VENOM, a cross-embodiment full-body motion tracking model for humanoids in simulation. VENOM is a GPT-based motion tracker trained on multiple humanoid data that can track the entire body without the requirement to split into upper and lower body control. We curate a multi-humanoid motion tracking dataset called the VENOM dataset that contains states, actions, and rewards and train VENOM and the baselines on this dataset. In this letter, we evaluate VENOM's performance against baselines and show that we can achieve a stable motion tracker across different humanoids more capable than an MLP trained on multiple humanoid data with supervised learning alone, and also show that despite lack of reward feedback, VENOM closely matches the tracking capability of experts that were trained using asymmetric-actor critic reinforcement learning.
Abstract:Achieving expert-level expressive full-body motion tracking across multiple humanoids solely from demonstration data remains a challenging and relatively an underexplored problem in humanoid robot learning. Cross-embodiment motion tracking policies are mostly trained by decoupling the control problem into upper and lower body control. This work proposes VENOM, a cross-embodiment full-body motion tracking model for humanoids in simulation. VENOM is a GPT-based motion tracker trained on multiple humanoid data that can track the entire body without the requirement to split into upper and lower body control. We curate a multi-humanoid motion tracking dataset called the VENOM dataset that contains states, actions, and rewards and train VENOM and the baselines on this dataset. In this letter, we evaluate VENOM's performance against baselines and show that we can achieve a stable motion tracker across different humanoids more capable than an MLP trained on multiple humanoid data with supervised learning alone, and also show that despite lack of reward feedback, VENOM closely matches the tracking capability of experts that were trained using asymmetric-actor critic reinforcement learning.
Robotics (cs.RO)
arXiv:2606.16696 [cs.RO]
(or arXiv:2606.16696v1 [cs.RO] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.16696 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.
Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.
Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
Full text under the publisher's open licence · 265 words
Related coverage
ULTRA: Unified Multimodal Control for Autonomous Humanoid Whole-Body Loco-Manipulation
arXiv · Sep 21, 2026

The Future of Physical AI Isn’t Smarter Robots, It’s Smarter Interfaces
IEEE Spectrum · May 21, 2026
World Motion Models: Flexible Sequence Modeling of SE(3) Trajectories
arXiv · Oct 2, 2026
Gemini Robotics 2 brings whole body intelligence to robots
Google DeepMind · Jul 28, 2026