Twisted Superconducting Quantum Diodes for High Fidelity Anharmonic Qubits

Abstract:In superconducting circuits, bidirectional signal propagation can cause back-reflections and back-action that couple environmental noise back to coherent elements, degrading fidelity. Nonreciprocal superconducting diodes provide an intrinsic route to suppress such backscattering at the circuit level. However, their diode efficiency and quantum integration remain limited. Here, we realize a quantum diode in twisted NbSe2 under in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic fields. A mere 1 degree twist yields an efficiency enhancement over pristine devices, reaching 27.6 percent. Quantum simulations reveal that this intermediate efficiency, well below 100 percent ideal, is both experimentally practical and optimal for preserving qubit anharmonicity and stabilizing two-level systems. These findings show that maximal rectification is not always beneficial for quantum information, establishing a new principle for designing the fundamental properties of twisted superconductors towards low-power, high-fidelity quantum circuits.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)

arXiv:2510.19627 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2510.19627v2 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.19627 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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