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This research introduces TPR-attention, a novel architectural component designed to embed structured inductive bias into deep learning models. By operating over tensor-product representations, the method demonstrates superior performance on compositional tasks compared to standard neural architectures that rely solely on statistical correlations. The findings suggest a viable pathway for overcoming systematic generalization challenges, enabling AI systems to better handle new configurations of known factors.
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TPR-Attention for Combinatorial Generalization

arXiv2 min read

arXiv:2608.30124v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Systematic generalization remains a significant challenge in deep learning. In particular, combinatorial generalization - generalizing to new configurations of known factors of variation - is effortless for humans but difficult for standard neural architectures that rely on statistical correlations rather than explicit structural representations. We introduce a new architectural component that embeds structured inductive bias into deep learning: an attention mechanism operating over tensor-product representations (TPRs). Through controlled experiments on compositional tasks, we show that this TPR-attention mechanism outperforms existing architectural components in combinatorial generalization. These results highlight the value of integrating explicit compositional structure into neural attention and point toward a promising path for models capable of systematic generalization.

Abstract:Systematic generalization remains a significant challenge in deep learning. In particular, combinatorial generalization - generalizing to new configurations of known factors of variation - is effortless for humans but difficult for standard neural architectures that rely on statistical correlations rather than explicit structural representations. We introduce a new architectural component that embeds structured inductive bias into deep learning: an attention mechanism operating over tensor-product representations (TPRs). Through controlled experiments on compositional tasks, we show that this TPR-attention mechanism outperforms existing architectural components in combinatorial generalization. These results highlight the value of integrating explicit compositional structure into neural attention and point toward a promising path for models capable of systematic generalization.

Machine Learning (cs.LG); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2608.30124 [cs.LG]

(or arXiv:2608.30124v1 [cs.LG] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.30124 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 207 words

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