TensorCommitments: A Lightweight Verifiable Inference for Language Models

Abstract:Most large language models (LLMs) run on external clouds: users send a prompt, pay for inference, and must trust that the remote GPU executes the LLM without any adversarial tampering. We critically ask how to achieve verifiable LLM inference, where a prover (the service) must convince a verifier (the client) that an inference was run correctly without rerunning the LLM. Existing cryptographic works are too slow at the LLM scale, while non-cryptographic ones require a strong verifier GPU. We propose TensorCommitments (TCs), a tensor-native proof-of-inference scheme. TC binds the LLM inference to a commitment, an irreversible tag that breaks under tampering, organized in our multivariate Terkle Trees. For LLaMA2, TC adds only 0.97% prover and 0.12% verifier time over inference while improving robustness to tailored LLM attacks by up to 48% over the best prior work requiring a verifier GPU.

Cryptography and Security (cs.CR); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2602.12630 [cs.CR]

(or arXiv:2602.12630v2 [cs.CR] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.12630 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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