System Identification of an Octocopter in Hover using Full-Harmonic Orthogonal Multisine Inputs

Abstract:A new method for multi-input flight maneuver design for system identification is presented. The method consists of injecting "full-harmonic" orthogonal multisine signals into the flight control system. Orthogonality is achieved by repeating maneuvers with changing multisine polarities. The multisines can contain the same frequency content, which can simplify frequency response estimation and allow for long flight maneuvers to be split into several shorter maneuvers while maintaining the same frequency resolution and minimum frequency. An input allocation scheme is presented that augments the multisines to size the vehicle response amplitude about a specific degree of freedom. The developed approach was demonstrated through flight testing of a small octocopter in near-hover conditions. The input allocation scheme was utilized successfully to increase excitation about the yaw axis. Electrical power, motor speed, and rigid-body dynamic models were identified and are shown to predict the vehicle and motor responses accurately. The models are parameterized primarily by rotor thrust and torque coefficients, making them suitable for analysis of aircraft flight dynamics and individual rotor aerodynamics. The results demonstrate that the near-hover flight dynamics can be modeled accurately by neglecting rotor hub moments, variations in rotor coefficients, gyroscopic moments in roll and pitch, and aerodynamic interaction effects.

31 pages, 18 figures. Presented at the AIAA AVIATION Forum 2025. Accepted for publication in the AIAA Journal of Aircraft

Systems and Control (eess.SY); Robotics (cs.RO)

arXiv:2609.29832 [eess.SY]

(or arXiv:2609.29832v1 [eess.SY] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.29832 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

https://doi.org/10.2514/1.C038636 Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources

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