SynDebug: A Framework to Debug Logic Bugs in Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing Programs

Abstract:Fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) introduces substantial systems-level complexity through quantum error correction (QEC), making debugging FTQC programs challenging. Existing quantum debugging approaches primarily target logical-level circuits and do not naturally support debugging within realistic FTQC execution flows. We present SynDebug, the first systems-level debugging framework for FTQC programs. SynDebug introduces lightweight assertion-based debugging primitives that operate directly within encoded FTQC infrastructures while avoiding additional logical surface area and minimizing temporal overhead. We evaluate SynDebug across multiple QEC code families, code distances, and encoded workloads, including state preparation, entanglement validation, and Shor-style programs. Our results demonstrate that SynDebug enables practical FTQC debugging with an average 1.8% additional circuit depth overhead (0% in most cases) and no measurable increase in the logical error rate, showing that systems-level debugging for large-scale FTQC applications is both feasible and practical.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)

arXiv:2610.22275 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2610.22275v1 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.22275 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

https://doi.org/10.1145/3828523.3857026 Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources

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