Serverless gossip training of LSTM failure detectors: A matched-protocol comparison with federated, local and centralized learning on NASA C-MAPSS

Abstract:Industrial predictive maintenance increasingly depends on learning from equipment spread across sites whose sensor data cannot easily be pooled. Federated averaging (FedAvg) solves this with a central aggregation server; gossip learning removes the server, but its behaviour for recurrent failure-detection models has not been measured under controlled conditions. We compare synchronous ring gossip with FedAvg, isolated local training and a centralized reference for a stacked LSTM that detects imminent failure on the NASA C-MAPSS turbofan benchmark. All methods share one open implementation, architecture, initialization, optimizer, data split and training budget, and the primary endpoint uses one terminal window per test engine to avoid the statistical dependence of overlapping windows. On FD001 (five seeds), gossip reached a terminal-window F1 of 89.6 +/- 1.3%, compared with 89.9 +/- 1.1% for FedAvg, 83.6 +/- 6.7% for local training and 93.5 +/- 2.1% for centralized training, while transmitting the same payload as FedAvg without a coordinator. Node models agreed closely but not exactly (1.8% pairwise decision disagreement versus 5.6% without communication). Across FD002-FD004, peer communication improved terminal-window F1 over local training by 13-28 points; gossip matched FedAvg on FD003 and FD004 but was 4.3 points lower on the multi-condition FD002 subset. Simulated message loss, node failure and server outage changed neither method appreciably, whereas larger rings degraded gossip faster. Ring gossip is therefore a practical serverless alternative when data heterogeneity is moderate, and faster-mixing topologies become important as heterogeneity grows.

10 pages, 5 figures. Code: this https URL

Machine Learning (cs.LG); Machine Learning (stat.ML)

arXiv:2609.35792 [cs.LG]

(or arXiv:2609.35792v1 [cs.LG] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.35792 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.

Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.

Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.