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This demonstration marks a critical step toward practical quantum networking by proving that entanglement swapping can operate concurrently with high-speed classical data on existing fiber infrastructure. By extending the relay chain to five nodes over 40km, researchers show that future quantum internet architectures do not require dedicated dark fibers, significantly lowering deployment barriers for scaling secure communication and distributed quantum computing.

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Researchers Swap Entanglement across 40km Fibre with Live Data

Quantum ZeitgeistSeptember 17, 20264 min read

Can entanglement be reliably swapped across multiple nodes within an existing fibre network already carrying live data traffic? It now has been, with researchers demonstrating successful entanglement swapping across a five-node relay, an improvement on previous three-node systems, while concurrently transmitting 10-Gbps signals along each optical fibre. This integration represents progress towards practical quantum networking beyond isolated experiments.

Entanglement swapping, an essential process for building future quantum networks, previously required dedicated optical fibres without any concurrent data transmission. For the first time, this key technology operates alongside conventional communications on the same fibre network. A five-node system realised this achievement by transmitting ten gigabits per second of classical data while performing entanglement swapping over long distances; prior demonstrations limited themselves to three connected nodes or used separate fibres. Standard data transmission now successfully combines with entanglement swapping within existing…

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