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This research demonstrates a significant leap in quantum metrology by utilizing Rydberg atoms as transducers for high-precision microwave field measurement. The dual-local-oscillator interferometer design achieves sub-degree phase resolution and enhanced sensitivity, offering critical improvements over traditional indirect methods that suffer from noise and calibration drifts. Such advancements are foundational for next-generation radar systems, wireless communications, and quantum sensing applications requiring extreme accuracy at the micrometer scale.

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Researchers Measure Microwave Phase with 0.1 Degree Resolution

Quantum ZeitgeistAugust 18, 20265 min read

A phase resolution exceeding 0. 1° and sensitivity enhancement beyond 25 dB now define the limits of microwave field measurement. This Rydberg-atom interferometer achieves propagation-distance precision below 20μm at 5.

A sensitivity enhancement exceeding 25 dB has been achieved in microwave metrology using a new Rydberg-atom-based system. Jun-Rong Chen of the Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement and colleagues from University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang University, Institute of System Engineering, and Harbin Institute of Technology demonstrated a microwave Mach-Zehnder-type interferometer with a dual-local-oscillator configuration, enabling direct phase retrieval. The system delivers a phase resolution better than 0.1° and a propagation-distance precision below 20μm at 5.7GHz, alongside full 360° phase coverage. Jun-Rong Chen and colleagues have created a method for measuring microwave fields with greater…

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