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This research introduces the Random Recursive Model (RRM), a novel neural architecture that dynamically samples layers during inference to achieve significant parameter efficiency while maintaining or improving performance on complex reasoning tasks. By enabling flexible depth adjustment without retraining, this approach offers a promising direction for optimizing large-scale model deployment and reducing computational costs in AI systems.
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Random Recursive Models

arXiv2 min read

arXiv:2610.00541v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recursive models create computational depth through parameter reuse, offering a parameter-efficient alternative to increasing model size. However, most recursive models repeatedly apply one learned transformation or a prescribed sequence of transformations, restricting computation to a fixed layer order. We introduce the Random Recursive Model (RRM), which maintains a pool of $L$ learned layers and performs $T$ recursive steps by sampling one layer independently with replacement for each example and step. This enables flexible layer reuse while retaining the parameter efficiency of recurrence. We evaluate RRM on challenging reasoning tasks, where it matches or exceeds the baselines, often with 50-75 % fewer parameters. RRM can vary its depth at inference, including beyond that seen during training, without retraining or adding parameters, improving tasks that benefit from deeper iterative computation. RRM also supports Monte Carlo inference and probabilistic test-time scaling, both of which improve performance without retraining. These insights may open new directions in neural network architecture design.

Abstract:Recursive models create computational depth through parameter reuse, offering a parameter-efficient alternative to increasing model size. However, most recursive models repeatedly apply one learned transformation or a prescribed sequence of transformations, restricting computation to a fixed layer order. We introduce the Random Recursive Model (RRM), which maintains a pool of $L$ learned layers and performs $T$ recursive steps by sampling one layer independently with replacement for each example and step. This enables flexible layer reuse while retaining the parameter efficiency of recurrence. We evaluate RRM on challenging reasoning tasks, where it matches or exceeds the baselines, often with 50-75 % fewer parameters. RRM can vary its depth at inference, including beyond that seen during training, without retraining or adding parameters, improving tasks that benefit from deeper iterative computation. RRM also supports Monte Carlo inference and probabilistic test-time scaling, both of which improve performance without retraining. These insights may open new directions in neural network architecture design.

Machine Learning (cs.LG); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2610.00541 [cs.LG]

(or arXiv:2610.00541v1 [cs.LG] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.00541 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 253 words

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