QuArch: A Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Reasoning in Computer Architecture

Authors:Shvetank Prakash, Andrew Cheng, Mark Mazumder, Arya Tschand, Varun Gohil, Jeffrey Ma, Jason Yik, Zishen Wan, Jessica Quaye, Elisavet Lydia Alvanaki, Avinash Kumar, Chandrashis Mazumdar, Tuhin Khare, Alexander Ingare, Ikechukwu Uchendu, Radhika Ghosal, Abhishek Tyagi, Chenyu Wang, Andrea Mattia Garavagno, Sarah Gu, Alice Guo, Grace Hur, Luca P. Carloni, Tushar Krishna, Ankita Nayak, Amir Yazdanbakhsh, Vijay Janapa Reddi

Abstract:The field of computer architecture, which bridges high-level software abstractions and low-level hardware implementations, remains absent from current large language model (LLM) evaluations. To this end, we present QuArch (pronounced 'quark'), the first benchmark designed to facilitate the development and evaluation of LLM knowledge and reasoning capabilities specifically in computer architecture. QuArch v1.0 provides a comprehensive collection of 2,671 expert-validated question-answer (QA) pairs covering various aspects of computer architecture, including processor design, memory systems, and interconnection networks. Our evaluation reveals that while frontier models possess domain-specific knowledge, they struggle with skills that require higher-order thinking in computer architecture. Frontier model accuracies vary widely (from 34% to 73%) on these advanced questions, highlighting persistent gaps in architectural reasoning across analysis, design, and implementation QAs. Furthermore, via fine-tuning we find that QuArch can translate to improved performance on a realistic memory hierarchy design task, resulting in up to 1.99x more area-efficient solutions and up to 40% more viable solutions overall. By holistically assessing fundamental skills, QuArch provides a foundation for building and measuring LLM capabilities that can accelerate innovation in computing systems. The QuArch benchmark and leaderboard are publicly available at: this https URL.

Hardware Architecture (cs.AR); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (cs.LG); Software Engineering (cs.SE)

arXiv:2510.22087 [cs.AR]

(or arXiv:2510.22087v2 [cs.AR] for this version)