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This study demonstrates that driven quantum systems can exhibit negative entropy production rates by retaining a "memory" of past interactions within their composite environments. By observing these effects in the femtosecond regime, researchers have redefined fundamental thermodynamic quantities like heat and work for open quantum systems beyond conventional Markovian approximations. This advancement provides critical insights into non-equilibrium dynamics essential for developing next-generation quantum technologies that manage energy flow at microscopic scales.

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Quantum Systems Retain ‘memory’ of Past Interactions, Altering Energy Flow

Quantum ZeitgeistJune 10, 20265 min read

Negative entropy production rates, previously considered a theoretical limit, are now demonstrated to occur within a driven quantum system interacting with its surroundings. This work extends existing models by accounting for the environment’s ‘memory’ of past interactions, revealing how dissipation and driving combine to alter thermodynamic behaviour. Understanding these effects redefines heat and work at the microscopic level, offering a new perspective on open quantum systems.

Researchers at the University of Stuttgart, led by Biagio G. Banigi, have conducted a detailed investigation into the emergence of memory effects within a driven two-level system interacting with a composite environment. The study elucidates the influence of these effects on fundamental thermodynamic quantities, work, heat, and entropy production, and provides valuable new insights into quantum thermodynamics that extend beyond the conventional Markovian approximation, explicitly accounting for the finiteness of the surrounding environment. This work represents a significant advancement towards a more complete understanding of non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics in open systems. Negative…

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