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This research demonstrates that spin current fluctuations in the XXZ chain under easy-axis anisotropy follow a non-Gaussian distribution, challenging standard statistical approximations for many-body quantum systems. By deriving the exact probability distribution using ballistic macroscopic fluctuation theory, the study establishes a universal hydrodynamic origin for these anomalous behaviors and links them to fundamental constants like spin diffusion.

Source coveringQuantum Zeitgeist

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Quantum spin chain shows unexpected current behavior

Quantum ZeitgeistSeptember 11, 20266 min read

The quantum XXZ spin-1/2 chain features non-Gaussian spin current fluctuations, specifically in the regime of easy-axis anisotropy. Using ballistic macroscopic fluctuation theory, researchers derive the exact probability distribution of typical spin-current fluctuations in thermal equilibrium.

Takato Yoshimura of King's College London, along with colleagues, has revealed that the quantum XXZ spin-1/2 chain exhibits non-Gaussian spin current fluctuations when subjected to easy-axis anisotropy. Utilizing ballistic macroscopic fluctuation theory, the researchers derived the exact probability distribution of these fluctuations in thermal equilibrium, finding it fully characterized by its variance. This work analytically connects that variance to the spin diffusion constant and static spin susceptibility, and importantly, unveils how a mechanism driving anomalous charge current fluctuations in single-file systems also manifests in the XXZ chain, establishing a universal hydrodynamic origin for these observed fluctuations. The quantum XXZ spin-1/2 chain defies expectations for macroscopic simplicity, exhibiting spin current…

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