Quantum randomness confirmed on a chip with 10-sigma certainty

Researchers at the Technical University of Denmark and collaborating institutions have demonstrated a quantum random number generator on a chip with a contextuality violation exceeding the classical bound by more than 10 standard deviations, establishing a high level of statistical certainty in its randomness. The system utilizes two integrated silicon photonic chips to generate random numbers from the interference of single photons, certifying their security without relying on entanglement. This architecture achieves a generation rate of 21.7 ± 0.5 bits per second, with each measurement outcome containing at least 0.077 ± 0.002 bits of extractable genuine randomness. These results suggest a path toward practical, semi-device-independent quantum random number generators compatible with future photonic quantum networks. Researchers have moved beyond bulky laboratory setups by fabricating the core components of this generator onto two silicon photonic chips, signaling a…