Quantum Computing for Entanglement Asymmetry and the Quantum Mpemba Effect in Field Theory

Abstract:We construct a quantum measurement protocol for estimating the Rényi entanglement asymmetry, which quantifies symmetry breaking at the level of a subsystem and provides a probe of the quantum Mpemba effect. The protocol combines the SWAP test with a charge-resolving procedure based on randomized symmetry rotations. For a fixed additive accuracy $\epsilon$, the required number of measurements scales as $\mathcal{O}(\epsilon^{-2})$ without explicit dependence on the total system size, making the protocol particularly attractive for quantum many-body systems and lattice quantum field theories. As a representative application, we study the quantum Mpemba effect in the lattice Schwinger model with a $\theta$ term using classical state-vector simulations. We further estimate the resources required to implement the protocol on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, fault-tolerant quantum computers (FTQCs), and a representative early-FTQC architecture. Our results provide a measurement-efficient framework for investigating anomalous symmetry-restoration dynamics in quantum many-body systems and quantum field theories.

arXiv:2611.05987 [hep-lat]

(or arXiv:2611.05987v1 [hep-lat] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2611.05987 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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