Quantization-Aware Healing: A Practical Recipe for Recovering Compressed, 4-Bit LLMs

Abstract:Serving large language models cheaply increasingly means shipping models that are both structurally compressed to a fraction of their parameters and quantized to 4 bits. Together these steps degrade reasoning, mathematics, coding, and long-context behavior enough to require a recovery, or healing, stage before deployment. The default recipe, quantization-aware training (QAT), re-fits the compressed, quantized model to hard labels; in our pipeline it converged slowly and collapsed past its peak. We adopted Quantization-Aware Healing (QAH) instead. Because a structurally compressed model is never independently trained at full precision, its bfloat16 checkpoint is a distillation-recovered approximation of the original; QAH distills the 4-bit student directly from the original, uncompressed model. On a GPT-OSS 120B to 60B to MXFP4 pipeline, the QAH student matches or beats its bfloat16 source on 7 of 9 benchmarks at roughly 4 times less weight memory and half the teacher's parameter count, and is released open-weight as Hypernova-60B. Against a matched QAT baseline it reaches a comparable peak about 7 times faster and stays stable under continued training, without hand-tuned early stopping. We also report deployment lessons, including a large, reproducible quality gap between distributed-training backends. Our aim is a recipe deployable without a multi-week hyper-parameter search.

Patent Application Number: 26382838.6 / P202602102EP

Computation and Language (cs.CL); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (cs.LG); Performance (cs.PF)

arXiv:2608.20953 [cs.CL]

(or arXiv:2608.20953v1 [cs.CL] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.20953 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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