Preprocessing noise in finite-size quantum key distribution

Abstract:It is known that trusted, preprocessing noise may boost quantum key distribution by expanding the range of values of tolerated noise. For BB84, adding trusted noise may allow the generation of secret keys even for qubit error rate (QBER) beyond the 11% threshold in the asymptotic regime. Here we study the effect of preprocessing noise in the finite-size regime where only a limited number of signals are exchanged between Alice and Bob. We compute the secret key rate from the full variational formulation of the sandwiched Renyi conditional entropy, optimized through nonsymmetric conic optimization. We find that trusted noise improves the key rate only for a finite interval of alpha, from the alpha approaching 1 limit up to alpha approximately 1.4. We then optimize the finite-size key rate jointly over both q, alpha, and the fraction of raw keys used for parameter estimation, to study how trusted preprocessing changes the maximum tolerable QBER as the block size increases. We show that the secret-key rate enhancement provided by optimized noisy preprocessing becomes more pronounced at higher QBER levels and can increase the maximum tolerable QBER over a broad range of finite block sizes.

arXiv:2603.18213 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2603.18213v2 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.18213 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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