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This paper introduces a benchmark for how well LLM-based personal agents recall, track, and act on private, fragmented personal context, using synthetic personas built from U.S. demographic seeds. The reported results are sobering: leading models score below 60% on temporal tracking, pattern inference, and constraint-aware decisions, and fewer than 10% of test cases are answered correctly across all three runs. For readers building or evaluating agents, the value lies in the measurable targets and the emphasis on reliability and safe handling of constraints, though the synthetic data's fidelity to real personal records remains an open question.
Source coveringarXiv

P-ContextBench: From Personal Fact Recall to Personalized Agent Behavior

arXiv3 min read

arXiv:2610.40959v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for personal tasks, yet evaluating their safe use of personal context remains difficult because such contexts are private, fragmented, dynamic, and socially situated. We introduce P-ContextBench, a realistic, verifiable, and scalable benchmark for evaluating personal-context understanding. P-ContextBench constructs population-structured, life-story-grounded digital humans from demographic seeds reflecting the U.S. population. Rather than using explicit, static profiles, P-ContextBench embeds traits, routines, goals, and constraints as implicit evidence across fragmented, evolving synthetic mobile-app records. It evaluates five capabilities: single-source fact recovery, multi-source fact recovery, temporal state tracking, inference of higher-level personal patterns from routine behavior, and safe handling of requests conflicting with persona-specific constraints through compliance, warning, clarification, or refusal. A multi-stage validation pipeline checks persona plausibility, context recoverability, information leakage, evidence preservation, test-case grounding, and human-judge agreement. We instantiate P-ContextBench with 100 personas, 10,088 hidden facts, 18,261 app-trace fragments, and 4,810 verified test cases. The pipeline supports configurable generation across scales and demographic groups. Cost-effective state-of-the-art (SOTA) LLMs relevant to personal agents achieve below 60% accuracy on temporal tracking, higher-level pattern inference, and constraint-aware action-boundary decisions, with fewer than 10% of test cases answered correctly across all three repeated runs. Even a high-performing SOTA model remains inconsistent on these capabilities. P-ContextBench provides measurable targets for improving the accuracy, reliability, and safety of LLM-based personal agents.

Abstract:Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for personal tasks, yet evaluating their safe use of personal context remains difficult because such contexts are private, fragmented, dynamic, and socially situated. We introduce P-ContextBench, a realistic, verifiable, and scalable benchmark for evaluating personal-context understanding. P-ContextBench constructs population-structured, life-story-grounded digital humans from demographic seeds reflecting the U.S. population. Rather than using explicit, static profiles, P-ContextBench embeds traits, routines, goals, and constraints as implicit evidence across fragmented, evolving synthetic mobile-app records. It evaluates five capabilities: single-source fact recovery, multi-source fact recovery, temporal state tracking, inference of higher-level personal patterns from routine behavior, and safe handling of requests conflicting with persona-specific constraints through compliance, warning, clarification, or refusal. A multi-stage validation pipeline checks persona plausibility, context recoverability, information leakage, evidence preservation, test-case grounding, and human-judge agreement. We instantiate P-ContextBench with 100 personas, 10,088 hidden facts, 18,261 app-trace fragments, and 4,810 verified test cases. The pipeline supports configurable generation across scales and demographic groups. Cost-effective state-of-the-art (SOTA) LLMs relevant to personal agents achieve below 60% accuracy on temporal tracking, higher-level pattern inference, and constraint-aware action-boundary decisions, with fewer than 10% of test cases answered correctly across all three repeated runs. Even a high-performing SOTA model remains inconsistent on these capabilities. P-ContextBench provides measurable targets for improving the accuracy, reliability, and safety of LLM-based personal agents.

Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2610.40959 [cs.AI]

(or arXiv:2610.40959v1 [cs.AI] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.40959 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 314 words