Observation of individual vortex penetration in a coplanar superconducting resonator

Abstract:We demonstrate the microwave signatures of individual Abrikosov-vortex penetration events in superconducting microwave resonators. $\lambda/4$ resonators with a narrowed region near the grounded end acting as a vortex trap were fabricated and studied using microwave transmission spectroscopy at millikelvin temperatures. Sharp stepwise drops in resonance frequency are detected as a function of increasing external magnetic field, attributed to the entry of individual Abrikosov vortices in the narrow region. This interpretation is confirmed by NV center magnetometry revealing discrete vortex entry events on increasing field and the absence of such drops in a device with a wider narrowed region. Our results establish a method to investigate and manipulate the states of Abrikosov vortices with microwaves access and readout vortex configurations using magnetic-field sweeps and microwave drive.

Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

arXiv:2512.00790 [cond-mat.supr-con]

(or arXiv:2512.00790v3 [cond-mat.supr-con] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.00790 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 116001 (2026)

https://doi.org/10.1103/4zw3-hm6t Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources

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