Non-Hermitian Delocalization Realizes Random Dirac Criticality in One Dimension

Abstract:Non-Hermitian systems can evade Anderson localization and exhibit delocalized states even in one dimension. Here, we show that such non-Hermitian delocalized states under periodic boundary conditions (PBC) are intrinsically critical, realizing the universality class of one-dimensional random Dirac fermions. By linking spectral winding to topological Anderson transitions via Hermitization, we demonstrate that the delocalized PBC states exhibit a Dirac-type criticality with universal algebraic correlations. In contrast to Hermitian systems, where this criticality occurs only at fine-tuned transition points, it emerges generically in non-Hermitian systems as a consequence of spectral topology. These results identify a universal mechanism by which non-Hermiticity promotes criticality, providing a unified description of non-Hermitian delocalization in one dimension.

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn); Optics (physics.optics); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

arXiv:2606.12089 [cond-mat.dis-nn]

(or arXiv:2606.12089v1 [cond-mat.dis-nn] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.12089 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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