Noise-resilient nanophotonic gyroscope with sub-prad phase resolution

arXiv:2604.00459v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Optical gyroscopes based on the Sagnac effect are the cornerstone of precision orientation and navigation. However, their bulky form factors prevent deployment in emerging mobile and autonomous systems. On nanophotonic platforms, the Sagnac signal plummets under aggressive miniaturization. Consequently, the signal is easily swamped by refractive-index fluctuations, rendering navigation-grade sensitivity within just a few square millimeters a notoriously elusive goal. Here, we demonstrate a noise-resilient nanophotonic optical gyroscope by exploiting a two-chain decoupling architecture to effectively isolate the rotation signal from channel noise. Implemented on a 3 mm^2 passive silicon-nitride chip, the proof-of-concept device achieves a bias instability of 0.79 deg/h and an angle random walk of 0.0014 deg/\sqrt{h}, representing improvements of 4 and 6 orders of magnitude, respectively, over a representative nanophotonic gyroscope with the same enclosed sensing area (ref. 1). In the broader context of integrated optical gyroscopes, our approach bridges the long-standing size-performance gap by two to three orders of magnitude, moving chip-scale devices into a previously inaccessible regime and pointing toward navigation-relevant precision for monolithic microsystems. This architecture further enables an estimated input-equivalent phase resolution of 0.17 prad with general applicability, establishing a foundational framework for the next generation of robust, monolithically integrated photonic sensing systems.