Nanoscale magnetometry via collective many-body dynamics in diamond

Authors:Haoyang Gao, Piotr Put, Nathaniel T. Leitao, Nazlı U. Köylüoğlu, Andrew Maccabe, Mathew Mammen, Siddharth Dandavate, Lillian B. Hughes Wyatt, Leigh S. Martin, Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich, Hongkun Park, Mikhail D. Lukin

Abstract:Many-body dynamics constitutes a promising approach for creating correlations between quantum particles which can be used for applications in sensing and metrology. However, utilizing this potential for substantial gains in practical settings is a challenging task with only a very few applications realized to date. Here, we demonstrate an approach to nanoscale magnetic sensing enabled by strongly interacting electronic spins in a room temperature solid. By coherently controlling collective many-body dynamics of a dipolar ensemble of $\sim 10^4$ nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond with pulsed magnetic field gradients, we demonstrate practical metrological gain up to $7.9(2)\,\mathrm{dB}$ for magnetic signal detection and $8.8(3)\,\mathrm{dB}$ for magnetic noise sensing, fully accounting for experimental overheads. Finally, we combine these methods to demonstrate a momentum-space-resolved sensing modality that enables detection of spatially correlated magnetic noise at continuously tunable length scales down to 50 nanometers. These observations open the door toward practical applications of interaction-enhanced quantum sensors for nanoscale biological imaging and material characterization.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)

arXiv:2609.03039 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2609.03039v1 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.03039 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)