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This paper proposes a modular deep Recurrent Neural Network architecture that incorporates feedforward inter-layer connections to mitigate vanishing gradients and better model high-order dynamics in nonlinear systems. The approach is validated on quadrotor altitude control, demonstrating superior generalization compared to existing methods. While the application involves robotics, the core contribution lies in advancing machine learning architectures for complex dynamic modeling.
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Modular Deep Recurrent Neural Network: Application to Quadrotors

arXiv2 min read

arXiv:2609.04339v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A modular deep Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is introduced to facilitate the process of deploying various architectures of RNNs, and to automatically compute derivatives for gradient-based learning methods. The modularity leads to a set of new architectures, one of which includes feedforward inter-layer connections. By adding feedforward inter-layer connections in a multi-layer RNN, it is observed that the capability of the RNN to learn and model high-order dynamics and nonlinearities is significantly improved. The problem of vanishing/exploding gradient in space for a multilayer RNN is also alleviated using feedforward connections. These results are demonstrated using a quadrotor case study, for which a model of the altitude dynamics is learned with our particular network structure, while existing methods are unable to generalize as quickly or at all.

Abstract:A modular deep Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is introduced to facilitate the process of deploying various architectures of RNNs, and to automatically compute derivatives for gradient-based learning methods. The modularity leads to a set of new architectures, one of which includes feedforward inter-layer connections. By adding feedforward inter-layer connections in a multi-layer RNN, it is observed that the capability of the RNN to learn and model high-order dynamics and nonlinearities is significantly improved. The problem of vanishing/exploding gradient in space for a multilayer RNN is also alleviated using feedforward connections. These results are demonstrated using a quadrotor case study, for which a model of the altitude dynamics is learned with our particular network structure, while existing methods are unable to generalize as quickly or at all.

Machine Learning (cs.LG)

arXiv:2609.04339 [cs.LG]

(or arXiv:2609.04339v1 [cs.LG] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.04339 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

N. Mohajerin and S. L. Waslander, "Modular deep Recurrent Neural Network: Application to quadrotors," 2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), San Diego, CA, USA, 2014, pp. 1374-1379

https://doi.org/10.1109/SMC.2014.6974106 DOI(s) linking to related resources

Full text under the publisher's open licence · 181 words

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