Microwave Controlled Photonic Spin Hall Effect in Atomic System and Microwave Electrometry

Abstract:The photonic Spin Hall Effect (SHE) causes a polarization dependent transverse shift of light at an interface. In this paper, we theoretically investigate the microwave controlled photonic SHE and microwave electrometry in a closed-loop $\Lambda$-type atomic system. At zero probe detuning ($\Delta_p = 0$) and relative phase $\phi=0,\pi$, the photonic SHE magnitude remains at the intrinsic finite beam saturation limit $w_0/2$, whereas the microwave field shifts its angular position linearly with opposite slopes (signs) for the two phases, enabling differential microwave electric field sensing. At $\phi=\pi/2$, the photonic SHE magnitude decays exponentially with $\Omega_\mu$, providing weak microwave electric field sensing. In contrast, at $\Delta_p = \pm \Omega_c$ (control field coupling), the photonic SHE reaches a maximum of half the incident beam waist when $\Omega_{\mu} \geq \Omega_p$ and the phase $\phi$ is optimized. Interestingly, we observed microwave controlled switching of photonic SHE by tuning the relative phase $\phi$ at an optimized value of $\Omega_{\mu}$ and $\Omega_{c}$. Our results may have potential applications in microwave quantum sensing and quantum optical switches based on the photonic SHE.

Optics (physics.optics); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

arXiv:2512.14586 [physics.optics]

(or arXiv:2512.14586v2 [physics.optics] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.14586 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.70432 Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources

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