MetaCurate: Evolving Curation Filters for High-Quality Agentic Coding Data

arXiv:2610.23134v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Supervised fine-tuning on agent trajectories is an effective way to improve coding agents, but selecting useful training examples requires more than identifying successful runs. A resolved patch may follow inefficient reasoning or unnecessary tool use, while a failed run may still contain useful intermediate steps. Training pipelines therefore rely on rules and qualitative assessments to filter trajectories, yet designing these filters typically requires substantial human expertise, and validating improvements through repeated training and evaluation is expensive. We introduce MetaCurate, a training-free framework that evolves executable trajectory curation filters using pairwise LLM judgments. Disagreements between the filter's rankings and the judge's preferences provide targeted feedback for jointly revising its rules, rubric, and aggregation policy. The resulting filter scores trajectories independently, so pairwise comparisons are required only during search. Starting from a blank filter, MetaCurate autonomously discovers a curation strategy that achieves competitive downstream performance without task-specific handwritten criteria. We validate downstream utility through controlled SFT experiments on our uncurated trajectory pool and the Nemotron v3 SWE dataset, with random selection and hand-authored filtering as baselines. In our experiments, MetaCurate achieves the highest mean SWE-Verified score among the compared methods, including hand-authored rule-based filtering and a training-loop baseline whose search costs 3.5x as much.