Low-Field J-Coupling Spectroscopy Measured with a Diamond Nitrogen Vacancy Spectrometer

Abstract:Nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond (NVs) are point defects well suited to quantum sensing of magnetic fields. NV spin states can be initialized and read out optically with high spatial resolution, enabling detection of pL-scale volumes of nuclear spins. Using Coherently Averaged Synchronized Readout (CASR), standard NMR spectroscopy techniques such as free decay, spin echo, and PGSE have been performed with Hz-scale spectral resolution using NV-diamond sensors. However, using NV detection for conventional high-resolution NMR at multi-tesla fields is challenging due to the need to manipulate NV electronic spins at resonance frequencies 100 GHz or higher. Low-field J-coupling spectroscopy provides an alternative path to chemical resolution in a regime more easily accessible to NVs. Here, we demonstrate homonuclear and heteronuclear J-coupling spectroscopy using an NV-NMR spectrometer based on permanent magnets operating at $\sim$890 kHz proton Larmor frequency (bias magnetic field $\sim$21 mT). This field strength enables chemical characterization based on J-coupling using sequences such as Synchronized Echo (SyncE) and Spin-Echo Double Resonance (SEDOR), which do not require the strong chemical shift dispersion and pristine field homogeneity of high-field NMR. The frequency range is easily detected by NVs using standard XY dynamical decoupling sequences and is well-suited for applying Overhauser DNP, which can boost proton signal by two orders of magnitude. We acquire initial NV-NMR measurements of T$_1$, T$_2$, and Overhauser DNP in glycerol before advancing to SEDOR spectroscopy of methanol-$^{13}$C and a methanol-$^{13}$C/acetonitrile-2-$^{13}$C mixture at sample volumes $\sim$50 pL, in which we demonstrate measurement of $^1J_\text{CH}$ couplings and resolution between species. We also acquire a homonuclear J-coupling spectrum of a natural-abundance propylene carbonate sample.

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph); Applied Physics (physics.app-ph); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

arXiv:2610.24815 [physics.chem-ph]

(or arXiv:2610.24815v1 [physics.chem-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.24815 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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