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MetaEvaluator introduces a model-agnostic framework that leverages meta-learning to evaluate new models on unlabeled data without requiring costly retraining or annotations. By amortizing evaluation costs across a pool of reference models, this approach enables scalable and accurate benchmarking for emerging architectures, addressing a critical bottleneck in expanding model ecosystems. The method represents a significant efficiency gain for practitioners seeking reliable performance estimates in low-resource or unlabeled scenarios.
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Learning to Evaluate: Cost-Effective Model Evaluation on Unlabeled Data with Meta-Learning

arXiv2 min read

arXiv:2605.23595v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The rapid advancement of machine learning has led to an unprecedented expansion of model ecosystems, making it increasingly difficult to assess the reliability of newly released models on unseen and unlabeled data. Existing evaluation pipelines typically rely on costly annotation, repeated fine-tuning, or assumptions that do not generalize well to new models. We introduce MetaEvaluator, a cost-effective, model-agnostic framework for fast, label-free evaluation of unseen models across diverse architectures and modalities. MetaEvaluator meta-learns over a pool of reference models to acquire an effective initialization for accurate assessment of unseen models, thereby amortizing evaluation cost and eliminating the need for per-model retraining. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first model-agnostic framework that evaluates new models on unlabeled datasets. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MetaEvaluator delivers stable and accurate performance estimates at substantially lower cost than conventional approaches, enabling scalable benchmarking on unlabeled datasets for emerging models. The code is available at: https://github.com/phkhanhtrinh23/MetaEvaluator.

Abstract:The rapid advancement of machine learning has led to an unprecedented expansion of model ecosystems, making it increasingly difficult to assess the reliability of newly released models on unseen and unlabeled data. Existing evaluation pipelines typically rely on costly annotation, repeated fine-tuning, or assumptions that do not generalize well to new models. We introduce MetaEvaluator, a cost-effective, model-agnostic framework for fast, label-free evaluation of unseen models across diverse architectures and modalities. MetaEvaluator meta-learns over a pool of reference models to acquire an effective initialization for accurate assessment of unseen models, thereby amortizing evaluation cost and eliminating the need for per-model retraining. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first model-agnostic framework that evaluates new models on unlabeled datasets. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MetaEvaluator delivers stable and accurate performance estimates at substantially lower cost than conventional approaches, enabling scalable benchmarking on unlabeled datasets for emerging models. The code is available at: this https URL.

Machine Learning (cs.LG); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV); Emerging Technologies (cs.ET); Performance (cs.PF)

arXiv:2605.23595 [cs.LG]

(or arXiv:2605.23595v3 [cs.LG] for this version)

Full text under the publisher's open licence · 180 words

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