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This paper investigates the phase shift of swift electrons interacting with laser fields, a phenomenon now applied in transmission electron microscopy via "laser phase plates." By validating results across perturbation theory, Volkov solutions, and relativistic Hamilton-Jacobi equations, the study confirms consistency between quantum and classical descriptions while correcting prior literature. The work advances fundamental understanding of light-matter interactions at relativistic scales, directly benefiting high-resolution imaging techniques in physics research.
Laser-induced phase shift of swift electrons
arXiv:2609.02099v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We revisit the calculation of the phase shift experienced by swift electrons on passing through the electromagnetic field of a laser. Such phase shifts are now utilized in the form of `laser phase plates' in transmission electron microscopes (TEMs), for example. We calculate the phase shift using three different methods, namely, perturbation theory applied to the Dirac equation, the Volkov solution to the Klein-Gordon equation, and the relativistic Hamilton-Jacobi equation. We find that all three methods are in agreement, and that the calculated phase shift is independent of the relative orientation of the electron and laser beams. The agreement between the quantum and classical theories is explained. Our Lorentz invariant result for the phase shift differs from certain results published in the literature.
Abstract:We revisit the calculation of the phase shift experienced by swift electrons on passing through the electromagnetic field of a laser. Such phase shifts are now utilized in the form of `laser phase plates' in transmission electron microscopes (TEMs), for example. We calculate the phase shift using three different methods, namely, perturbation theory applied to the Dirac equation, the Volkov solution to the Klein-Gordon equation, and the relativistic Hamilton-Jacobi equation. We find that all three methods are in agreement, and that the calculated phase shift is independent of the relative orientation of the electron and laser beams. The agreement between the quantum and classical theories is explained. Our Lorentz invariant result for the phase shift differs from certain results published in the literature.
Optics (physics.optics); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:2609.02099 [physics.optics]
(or arXiv:2609.02099v1 [physics.optics] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.02099 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 219 words
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