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This paper investigates the inductive van der Waals-London force within mesoscopic superconducting circuits, contrasting semiclassical predictions of repulsion with quantum electrodynamic findings of attraction driven by virtual photon exchange. By establishing a theoretical framework for measuring these forces between artificial atoms via controlled loops, the work advances fundamental understanding of light-matter interactions at the nanoscale relevant to future quantum architectures.
Inductive van der Waals Force between Two Quantum Loops
arXiv:2512.01263v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We study the van der Waals-London force, which is typically associated with fluctuating electric dipoles in atoms, in a mesoscopic circuit consisting of two inductively coupled superconducting loops. We investigate the {\em inductive} van der Waals-London interaction using both semiclassical and quantum electrodynamic (QED) approaches. The semiclassical model predicts a repulsive interaction due to anticorrelated current fluctuations. In contrast, the QED framework, which incorporates virtual photon exchange, reveals a predominantly attractive force. A key contribution comes from a state-independent two-photon exchange, which is absent in the semiclassical description and undetectable by spectroscopy. Our study introduces a theoretical framework for exploring the van der Waals force between individual artificial atoms via controlled mesoscopic circuits.
Abstract:We study the van der Waals-London force, which is typically associated with fluctuating electric dipoles in atoms, in a mesoscopic circuit consisting of two inductively coupled superconducting loops. We investigate the {\em inductive} van der Waals-London interaction using both semiclassical and quantum electrodynamic (QED) approaches. The semiclassical model predicts a repulsive interaction due to anticorrelated current fluctuations. In contrast, the QED framework, which incorporates virtual photon exchange, reveals a predominantly attractive force. A key contribution comes from a state-independent two-photon exchange, which is absent in the semiclassical description and undetectable by spectroscopy. Our study introduces a theoretical framework for exploring the van der Waals force between individual artificial atoms via controlled mesoscopic circuits.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
arXiv:2512.01263 [cond-mat.mes-hall]
(or arXiv:2512.01263v4 [cond-mat.mes-hall] for this version)
Full text under the publisher's open licence · 132 words
