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HypReflect addresses the critical challenge of continual personalization in LLM assistants by leveraging explicit, uncertainty-aware preference hypotheses rather than relying solely on raw interaction histories. This approach offers a scalable framework that effectively refines user models over time while maintaining stability across diverse contexts and unseen users. The method represents a significant step toward more reliable and adaptive AI agents capable of handling latent and noisy real-world signals.
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Hypotheses-Guided Self Distillation for Continual Personalization

arXiv2 min read

arXiv:2609.00251v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As people increasingly interact with LLM assistants in daily life, continually adapting to individual preferences has become essential for effective long-term interactions. However, user preferences are rarely stated in full, and instead emerge through heterogeneous, latent, and noisy signals, with existing methods relying on raw interaction histories or costly reward-based optimization to manage personalization. We introduce HypReflect, a reliable, scalable framework for continual personalization that infers explicit, uncertainty-aware preference hypotheses from diverse user signals, reflectively refines them as new evidence accumulates, and incorporates the resulting user model through hypotheses-guided self-distillation. Experiments across three personalization settings: online personalization, multi-session interactions, and implicit behavioral signals, show that HypReflect outperforms a range of baselines, including raw-history and incremental-update methods. We further demonstrate strong generalization to unseen users and cross-domain settings, along with stability across context budgets, reusable hypotheses, and more focused personalization. These results suggest a step towards reliable and scalable continual personalization through explicit, revisable user preference hypotheses.

Abstract:As people increasingly interact with LLM assistants in daily life, continually adapting to individual preferences has become essential for effective long-term interactions. However, user preferences are rarely stated in full, and instead emerge through heterogeneous, latent, and noisy signals, with existing methods relying on raw interaction histories or costly reward-based optimization to manage personalization. We introduce HypReflect, a reliable, scalable framework for continual personalization that infers explicit, uncertainty-aware preference hypotheses from diverse user signals, reflectively refines them as new evidence accumulates, and incorporates the resulting user model through hypotheses-guided self-distillation. Experiments across three personalization settings: online personalization, multi-session interactions, and implicit behavioral signals, show that HypReflect outperforms a range of baselines, including raw-history and incremental-update methods. We further demonstrate strong generalization to unseen users and cross-domain settings, along with stability across context budgets, reusable hypotheses, and more focused personalization. These results suggest a step towards reliable and scalable continual personalization through explicit, revisable user preference hypotheses.

Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)

arXiv:2609.00251 [cs.AI]

(or arXiv:2609.00251v1 [cs.AI] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.00251 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 250 words

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