aiqbench analysis
This research establishes a rigorous theoretical framework for analyzing the robustness of stabilizer quantum error-correcting codes under random projective measurements, distinguishing between geometric and homological percolation transitions. By simulating systems exceeding one million qubits, the study provides critical exponents and phase diagrams that offer quantitative guidance for decoding strategies in noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. These findings directly advance our understanding of fault tolerance thresholds essential for scaling practical quantum computing architectures.
Homological Thresholds in Randomly Monitored Quantum Error-Correcting Codes
arXiv:2610.02310v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Random projective measurements are an effective tool to model the interlinked phenomenology of monitoring, inferring, and decoding highly entangled states such as quantum error-correcting codes. At the same time, the study of such monitored dynamics has opened a new arena for critical phenomena, renewing longstanding questions in disordered statistical mechanics, including percolation, random-bond models, and Nishimori physics. Here we investigate the robustness of stabilizer quantum error-correcting codes under a single round of independently sampled single-qubit Pauli measurements and demonstrate that their threshold behavior falls into two broad categories - geometric and homological percolation transitions, with the toric code and color code being the principal examples for each class. We establish the distinct character of these two threshold theories by analyzing the logical-support criteria of these codes and by providing numerical estimates of their respective critical exponents obtained from optimized stabilizer simulations of large-scale systems with over one million qubits. Our framework extends to non-CSS, subsystem, higher-dimensional, and Floquet stabilizer codes and allows us to determine their respective threshold phase diagrams. We exemplify how the latter provide quantitative and qualitative guidance for the computationally more demanding problems of tunable learning and maximum-likelihood decoding. As a practical application of our framework, we discuss the robustness of the gross code.
Abstract:Random projective measurements are an effective tool to model the interlinked phenomenology of monitoring, inferring, and decoding highly entangled states such as quantum error-correcting codes. At the same time, the study of such monitored dynamics has opened a new arena for critical phenomena, renewing longstanding questions in disordered statistical mechanics, including percolation, random-bond models, and Nishimori physics. Here we investigate the robustness of stabilizer quantum error-correcting codes under a single round of independently sampled single-qubit Pauli measurements and demonstrate that their threshold behavior falls into two broad categories - geometric and homological percolation transitions, with the toric code and color code being the principal examples for each class. We establish the distinct character of these two threshold theories by analyzing the logical-support criteria of these codes and by providing numerical estimates of their respective critical exponents obtained from optimized stabilizer simulations of large-scale systems with over one million qubits. Our framework extends to non-CSS, subsystem, higher-dimensional, and Floquet stabilizer codes and allows us to determine their respective threshold phase diagrams. We exemplify how the latter provide quantitative and qualitative guidance for the computationally more demanding problems of tunable learning and maximum-likelihood decoding. As a practical application of our framework, we discuss the robustness of the gross code.
Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
arXiv:2610.02310 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2610.02310v1 [quant-ph] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.02310 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)
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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 304 words
