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This study provides the first quantitative experimental verification of Anderson orthogonality catastrophe scaling in a realistic, finite-temperature quantum many-body system using ultracold atoms. By demonstrating agreement between simulation and experiment for polarons in a lithium-caesium mixture, the research establishes a new probe for investigating how local disturbances affect complex materials with unusual quantum properties. The findings validate theoretical predictions regarding power-law relationships between Rabi frequency and drive strength, offering deeper insight into fundamental limits imposed by thermal effects and mass approximations.

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Heidelberg Team Measures Anderson Catastrophe Scaling in Polarons

Quantum ZeitgeistOctober 5, 20264 min read

A single impurity introduced into an otherwise perfect system can disrupt it entirely, theoretically provoking an outsized response from surrounding particles. Now, for the first time, scientists have demonstrated quantitative agreement between simulation and experiment showing this ‘Anderson orthogonality catastrophe’ persists even at realistic temperatures. This confirms predictions about how disturbances affect complex materials and establishes a new method for probing their behaviour via controlled introduction of these imperfections.

Coherently driven impurities represent a new means to investigate quantum many-body dynamics through precise local control. Probing signatures of the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe, a phenomenon where perturbing a Fermi sea induces a large scale response, revealed a power-law relationship between Rabi frequency and drive strength in an ultracold lithium-caesium mixture. The Anderson Orthogonality Catastrophe, a fundamental effect in quantum physics, has now been observed within a more…

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