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This study establishes an empirical link between high-energy particle collision data and quantum information theory by modeling proton internal structure as a highly entangled state within Deep Inelastic Scattering. By incorporating transverse-size and azimuthal-angle dependence into their QCD dipole evolution kernel, researchers demonstrate that specific mathematical approximations significantly influence calculated entanglement entropy measures in these chaotic interactions.

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H1 collaboration compares data to dipole-based entanglement entropy

Quantum ZeitgeistAugust 12, 20267 min read

Entanglement entropy in Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) is studied using the dipole formulation of the high-energy limit of QCD, arguing that a reduced density matrix arises due to a trace over unobserved color degrees of freedom. Dipole multiplicities are obtained from solutions to low evolution equations and compared to the Shannon entropy of hadron multiplicities, as measured by the H1 collaboration.

Researchers are drawing a direct line between high-energy physics data and quantum information theory by comparing measurements of hadron multiplicities from the H1 collaboration to entanglement entropy calculated using a QCD dipole cascade model. This work establishes a connection by proposing that entanglement entropy arises in deep inelastic scattering due to a trace over unobserved color degrees of freedom, yielding a quantifiable measure through dipole multiplicities. Unlike previous studies, this research incorporates both transverse-size and azimuthal-angle dependence in the dipole evolution kernel, offering a more complete model of entanglement in these interactions. The team’s analysis of the double leading-logarithmic approximation (DLLA) solution revealed that it generates a larger entanglement entropy for the same initial dipole size, suggesting a sensitivity of entanglement measures to the specific approximation used in QCD calculations. A surprising…

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