GitSwarm: Decentralized Compounding Inference

Abstract:Long-horizon problem solving and scientific research require computation to accumulate across successive attempts. Partial solutions, experimental findings, and unsuccessful approaches can inform later work, yet most inference-time computation is organized around individual trajectories or candidates rather than a persistent body of reusable work. We call this paradigm compounding inference: organizing inference-time computation so that intermediate work persists and can be inspected, extended, combined, or challenged by subsequent computation. We instantiate compounding inference in GitSwarm, an asynchronous system where homogeneous agents independently decide how to advance a task while collaborating through structured persistent memory. Agents explore, experiment, verify, refine, and synthesize previous work in a shared, branch-able Git repository. Atomic commits preserve intermediate artifacts, while explicit semantic dependencies record how later contributions build on work across branches. We evaluate GitSwarm on long-horizon problem solving and sustained GPU-backed experimental research. On IMOProofBench-Advanced, GitSwarm solves all 30 problems in one run using GPT-5.5. On ProgramBench, it achieves a $79.4\%$ mean score, versus $65.1\%$ for the strongest reported baseline under the stated budget. On three neural architecture research tasks (Residual Matrix Transformer, Looped Transformer, NanoChat), GitSwarm improves upon the starting architectures through successive experimentation. Beyond final performance, we measure whether computation accumulates: on ProgramBench, $94.7\%$ of contributions are subsequently built upon, while the selected solution's ancestry covers $82-93\%$ of the contribution graph. These results show that inference-time computation can accumulate across otherwise independent episodes, forming an evolving body of work that subsequent inference can reuse.

Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (cs.LG)

arXiv:2610.04862 [cs.AI]

(or arXiv:2610.04862v1 [cs.AI] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.04862 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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