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This study validates that specific noise mitigation techniques, particularly gate twirling, can preserve the geometric structure of four-qubit quantum kernels on IBM's ibm_fez backend with up to 98.9% fidelity despite hardware imperfections. By isolating geometry preservation from downstream task performance, the research establishes a critical baseline for understanding how near-term devices maintain data encoding integrity without claiming immediate computational advantage. These descriptive results clarify the complex interplay between hardware distortion and signal recovery strategies essential for future quantum kernel applications.

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Four-Qubit Kernel Preserves Geometry on IBM Quantum Hardware to 98.9%

Quantum ZeitgeistAugust 5, 20264 min read

Quantum-kernel methods encode a dataset’s geometry in a Gram matrix, so learning claims on hardware kernels assume the intended geometry survives execution. We measure that survival for one frozen four-qubit ZZ feature-map kernel on ibm_fez (1024 shots per circuit) under baseline, dynamical decoupling alone, and gate twirling alone, each a single non-interleaved job.

Rostyslav Sipakov of Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture has demonstrated a centered kernel alignment (CKA) ranging from 0.933 to 0.989 within a four-qubit quantum kernel executed on IBM’s ibm_fez hardware, despite known imperfections in the system. The research measured this using full-matrix centered kernel alignment, revealing a substantial but incomplete degree of geometry preservation given the inherent challenges of near-term quantum devices. While dynamical decoupling alone was not distinguishable from baseline at the frozen-window scale, gate twirling demonstrably…

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