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Researchers have successfully transmitted a four-qubit cluster state over 29km of optical fiber using chirped-pulse modulation and multi-level encoding to overcome photon loss limitations. This advancement demonstrates a viable pathway for integrating complex quantum resources into existing telecommunication infrastructure, addressing a critical barrier for long-distance quantum networks. The technique eliminates the need for resource-intensive controlled-phase gates by encoding multiple qubits onto single photons, improving efficiency for future distributed quantum computing applications.

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Four-qubit entanglement sent over 29km of optical fiber

Quantum ZeitgeistOctober 1, 20265 min read

Researchers transmitted a complex, multi-qubit state—a four-qubit cluster state—over 29km of optical fiber, a key step for future quantum networks and measurement-based quantum information processing.

Researchers have, for the first time, successfully transmitted a four-qubit cluster state over 29 kilometers of optical fiber, overcoming exponential photon loss that previously limited such transmissions. The team directly generated the entangled state using coherent control of a parametric generation process, eliminating the need for a resource-intensive controlled-phase gate. To process the state, they introduced a novel technique, chirped pulse modulation, enabling beam splitting for time-bins through reconfigurable Fourier-domain pulse shaping; this approach establishes complex quantum resources fully compatible with existing telecommunication infrastructure. Multi-level encoding enabled the first transmission of a cluster state through 29 kilometers of partially deployed…

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