Finite-Frequency Boson-Number Bounds Across the Quantum Rabi Transition

Abstract:We consider the quantum Rabi model, a fundamental model of quantum optics describing a two-level system coupled to a bosonic mode, including counter-rotating terms. In the limit of large separation between the two-level transition frequency and the bosonic mode frequency, the model exhibits a quantum phase transition at a critical coupling strength. Although the model is exactly solvable, simple analytic expressions for important physical quantities are generally unavailable. We derive rigorous upper and lower bounds for the ground-state energy and boson occupation number across the quantum phase transition at finite frequency ratios. Our results characterize the subcritical, critical, and supercritical regimes and establish the scaling behavior of the boson occupation near the critical point. Exact numerical diagonalization demonstrates the tightness of the derived bounds, while the resulting finite-frequency inequalities provide experimentally testable predictions for trapped-ion quantum simulators.

arXiv:2610.21556 [quant-ph]

(or arXiv:2610.21556v1 [quant-ph] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2610.21556 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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