Fermi-pressure-assisted superradiant transition with a mesoscopic Fermi gas in a cavity

Abstract:We study the superradiant phase transition of a mesoscopic Fermi gas comprising between a few tens and a few thousand $^6$Li atoms in a high-finesse cavity across a wide range of densities. We observe a non-monotonic variation of the superradiant threshold as a function of density, with a minimum reached when the Fermi and recoil wavevectors are comparable. The minimum corresponds to a crossover between Fermi pressure-assisted ordering and Pauli blocking of photon scattering, in good agreement with theory. This interpretation is confirmed by a study of the atom-number dependence of the ordering threshold and photon number scaling. Our system opens the perspective of studying few-fermion systems with strong and coherent light-matter coupling.

Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

arXiv:2603.08691 [cond-mat.quant-gas]

(or arXiv:2603.08691v2 [cond-mat.quant-gas] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.08691 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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