EviAnchor: Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models via Regional Visual Evidence Compensation

Abstract:Large vision-language models (LVLMs) frequently generate content unsupported by visual inputs. Preliminary experiments show that visual evidence is primarily incorporated into answer-side representations in early-to-middle decoder layers, while its direct influence progressively weakens in later layers. This attenuation suggests that visual evidence acquired earlier may be insufficiently utilized during subsequent generation. Based on this observation, we propose EviAnchor, a training-free and single-branch inference framework that preserves and reactivates visual evidence throughout generation. EviAnchor introduces Regional Evidence Anchor (REA) slots to progressively aggregate dense visual tokens into spatially structured representations. It then strengthens the current decision state's access to these visual anchors through decision-conditioned evidence routing, mitigating excessive dependence on textual context. Finally, the model resumes its native Transformer computation to integrate the retrieved visual evidence with question semantics and generation history. Experiments across POPE, CHAIR, and MMHal-Bench demonstrate consistent improvements in visual grounding.

Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)

arXiv:2608.29092 [cs.AI]

(or arXiv:2608.29092v1 [cs.AI] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.29092 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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