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This research introduces EMERGE-Policy, a graph-structured agentic framework where a robot's decision-making capabilities emerge from the collaboration of specialized sub-agents rather than residing in a single monolithic policy. By isolating functions like perception, verification, and memory into distinct roles that exchange only decision-relevant evidence, the system achieves robust performance on benchmarks and real-world tasks without additional fine-tuning. The approach effectively treats large language models as callable skills within a larger orchestration process, advancing the architecture of autonomous robotic systems.
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EMERGE-Policy: A Robot Mind Emerges Beyond a Single Policy

arXiv3 min read

arXiv:2608.29896v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A robot's effective ``mind'' need not reside in a single policy. It can emerge when specialized components perceive, reason, predict, act, verify, and remember within a shared orchestration process. EMERGE-Policy turns this perspective into a graph-structured agentic framework that coordinates both capability invocation and information exchange. A Main Agent retains task-level state within an active context window, while role-specific Sub Agents process perception, execution monitoring, verification, and memory consolidation in isolated contexts and return structured, task-relevant evidence. Role-specific contexts control information load by exposing only decision-relevant evidence to the Main Agent, while the functional Skill interface composes heterogeneous backends as Operational, Imagination, and Evaluation Skills. Criterion-grounded verification, textual failure diagnosis, and Branch Stack recovery provide localized correction, with token-aware external memory preserving task-relevant state. Together, their closed-loop interaction realizes the system-level policy captured by the name EMERGE-Policy. Without additional fine-tuning, we achieved outstanding performance on several public benchmark that have had a wide-reaching impact, and conducted a series of real robot experiments. These system-level results suggest that through the division of different functional sub-tasks among multiple agents and their concurrent collaboration, as well as the technical paradigm where the model is regarded as a skill and called within the framework, EMERGE-Policy can extend the robust robot policies beyond isolated runs.

Abstract:A robot's effective ``mind'' need not reside in a single policy. It can emerge when specialized components perceive, reason, predict, act, verify, and remember within a shared orchestration process. EMERGE-Policy turns this perspective into a graph-structured agentic framework that coordinates both capability invocation and information exchange. A Main Agent retains task-level state within an active context window, while role-specific Sub Agents process perception, execution monitoring, verification, and memory consolidation in isolated contexts and return structured, task-relevant evidence. Role-specific contexts control information load by exposing only decision-relevant evidence to the Main Agent, while the functional Skill interface composes heterogeneous backends as Operational, Imagination, and Evaluation Skills. Criterion-grounded verification, textual failure diagnosis, and Branch Stack recovery provide localized correction, with token-aware external memory preserving task-relevant state. Together, their closed-loop interaction realizes the system-level policy captured by the name EMERGE-Policy. Without additional fine-tuning, we achieved outstanding performance on several public benchmark that have had a wide-reaching impact, and conducted a series of real robot experiments. These system-level results suggest that through the division of different functional sub-tasks among multiple agents and their concurrent collaboration, as well as the technical paradigm where the model is regarded as a skill and called within the framework, EMERGE-Policy can extend the robust robot policies beyond isolated runs.

Robotics (cs.RO)

arXiv:2608.29896 [cs.RO]

(or arXiv:2608.29896v1 [cs.RO] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.29896 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 303 words

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