aiqbench analysis
This research advances the statistical rigor of inverse reinforcement learning by introducing a semiparametric framework that enables valid uncertainty quantification for flexible reward models. By treating the log-behavior policy as a pseudo-reward, the authors achieve $\sqrt{n}$-consistency and asymptotic normality, bridging the gap between rich representation learning and rigorous inference. The work is significant for applications requiring reliable counterfactual analysis in sequential decision-making where latent rewards are unobserved.
Efficient Inference for Inverse Reinforcement Learning and Dynamic Discrete Choice Models
arXiv:2512.24407v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In many sequential decision-making problems, researchers observe actions but not the rewards that drive behavior, yet still wish to evaluate and compare counterfactual policies. Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) and dynamic discrete choice (DDC) models address this setting by positing an optimality model that links latent rewards to observed actions. Existing flexible IRL methods allow rich reward representations but typically do not provide valid inference, whereas classical DDC methods support inference only under restrictive parametric structure. We develop a semiparametric framework for debiased inverse reinforcement learning in maximum-entropy IRL and Gumbel-shock DDC models. Our key identification result is that the log-behavior policy can be treated as a pseudo-reward: it point-identifies policy value differences and, under a normalization constraint, the reward itself. This reduces inference on reward-dependent estimands to inference on smooth functionals of the behavior policy and transition kernel. We establish pathwise differentiability, derive efficient influence functions, and construct automatic debiased machine-learning estimators that permit flexible nuisance estimation while attaining $\sqrt{n}$-consistency, asymptotic normality, and semiparametric efficiency. The result is a computationally tractable framework for valid uncertainty quantification in flexible IRL and DDC models.
Abstract:In many sequential decision-making problems, researchers observe actions but not the rewards that drive behavior, yet still wish to evaluate and compare counterfactual policies. Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) and dynamic discrete choice (DDC) models address this setting by positing an optimality model that links latent rewards to observed actions. Existing flexible IRL methods allow rich reward representations but typically do not provide valid inference, whereas classical DDC methods support inference only under restrictive parametric structure. We develop a semiparametric framework for debiased inverse reinforcement learning in maximum-entropy IRL and Gumbel-shock DDC models. Our key identification result is that the log-behavior policy can be treated as a pseudo-reward: it point-identifies policy value differences and, under a normalization constraint, the reward itself. This reduces inference on reward-dependent estimands to inference on smooth functionals of the behavior policy and transition kernel. We establish pathwise differentiability, derive efficient influence functions, and construct automatic debiased machine-learning estimators that permit flexible nuisance estimation while attaining $\sqrt{n}$-consistency, asymptotic normality, and semiparametric efficiency. The result is a computationally tractable framework for valid uncertainty quantification in flexible IRL and DDC models.
Machine Learning (cs.LG); Statistics Theory (math.ST)
arXiv:2512.24407 [cs.LG]
(or arXiv:2512.24407v2 [cs.LG] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.24407 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.
Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.
Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
Full text under the publisher's open licence · 277 words
Related coverage
[AINews] Reality Checks on AI News (Yegge shuts down Gas Town, Databricks’ +60% Astra cost)
Latent Space · Sep 17, 2026
[AINews] not much happened today
Latent Space · Oct 3, 2026
Build a Physical AI model factory with NVIDIA Cosmos 3 on SageMaker HyperPod
AWS · Sep 4, 2026
The Machines that Make the Machines
NVIDIA · Oct 7, 2026