Dynamic Lagging for Simultaneous Translation

Abstract:In cascaded simultaneous speech translation, the machine translation (MT) system cannot control the read--write schedule of the upstream recognizer: it must decide, from a growing source prefix, how much target text to commit. We make a sentence-trained, decoder-only LLM prefix-aware by fine-tuning it on stable prefixes---the longest prefix that any translation up to the current partial source has shared with the model's own full-source output---mixed with full-sentence pairs, and prompt it through a single force-decode turn that carries the committed target forward as more source arrives, making the system flicker-free by construction. We fine-tune Qwen3-8B for EN to DE, JA, ZH, simulating the source stream with reference-transcript prefixes. Prefix finetuning preserves full-sentence quality while improving worst-position chunk quality, and it improves calibration of token-level commit confidence, reducing expected calibration error (ECE) on early source prefixes against a stable-prefix oracle. A single training-free threshold on that confidence is the most effective of the three latency controls we compare: it traces a continuous quality--latency frontier that outperforms the discrete wait-$k$ and target-suffix-deletion quality-latency tradeoff mechanisms. The effect holds well on FLEURS, WMT24++, and CoVoST~2 test sets, under both COMET and MetricX.

Computation and Language (cs.CL)

arXiv:2609.05799 [cs.CL]

(or arXiv:2609.05799v1 [cs.CL] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.05799 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

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