Doc-V*:Coarse-to-Fine Interactive Visual Reasoning for Multi-Page Document VQA

Abstract:Multi-page Document Visual Question Answering requires reasoning over semantics, layouts, and visual elements in long, visually dense documents. Existing OCR-free methods face a trade-off between capacity and precision: end-to-end models scale poorly with document length, while visual retrieval-based pipelines are brittle and passive. We propose Doc-$V^*$, an \textbf{OCR-free agentic} framework that casts multi-page DocVQA as sequential evidence aggregation. Doc-$V^*$ begins with a thumbnail overview, then actively navigates via semantic retrieval and targeted page fetching, and aggregates evidence in a structured working memory for grounded reasoning. Trained by imitation learning from expert trajectories and further optimized with Group Relative Policy Optimization, Doc-$V^*$ balances answer accuracy with evidence-seeking efficiency. Across five benchmarks, Doc-$V^*$ outperforms open-source baselines and approaches proprietary models, improving out-of-domain performance by up to \textbf{47.9\%} over RAG baseline. Other results reveal effective evidence aggregation with selective attention, not increased input pages.

Computation and Language (cs.CL)

arXiv:2604.13731 [cs.CL]

(or arXiv:2604.13731v2 [cs.CL] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2604.13731 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

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