aiqbench analysis
This theory-and-experiment paper proposes a way to measure how efficiently quantum dynamics generate useful resources, such as entanglement or coherence, using projected ensembles from partial measurements on many-body systems. The method targets quantum circuits and other experimentally accessible platforms, so it is most relevant to researchers benchmarking quantum hardware and simulators. Its practical value depends on whether the estimation protocol scales to noisy, larger devices, which the abstract does not establish.
Deep Thermalization and Measurements of Quantum Resources
arXiv:2512.09999v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Quantum resource theories provide a unified framework for characterizing useful quantum phenomena subject to physical constraints, but are notoriously hard to assess in experimental systems. In this letter, we introduce a unified protocol for quantifying the resource-generating power of arbitrary quantum evolutions applicable to multiple resource theories. It is based on deep thermalization, which has recently gained attention for its role in the emergence of quantum state designs from partial projective measurements. Central to our approach is the use of projected ensembles, recently employed to probe deep thermalization, together with new twirling identities that allow us to directly infer the resource-generating powers of the underlying dynamics. These identities further reveal how resources build up and thermalize in generic quantum circuits. Finally, we show that quantum resources themselves undergo deep thermalization at the subsystem level, offering a complementary and another experimentally accessible route to infer the resource-generating powers. Our work connects deep thermalization to resource quantification, offering a new perspective on the essential role of various resources in generating state designs and on efficient estimation of quantum resources in experiment.
Abstract:Quantum resource theories provide a unified framework for characterizing useful quantum phenomena subject to physical constraints, but are notoriously hard to assess in experimental systems. In this letter, we introduce a unified protocol for quantifying the resource-generating power of arbitrary quantum evolutions applicable to multiple resource theories. It is based on deep thermalization, which has recently gained attention for its role in the emergence of quantum state designs from partial projective measurements. Central to our approach is the use of projected ensembles, recently employed to probe deep thermalization, together with new twirling identities that allow us to directly infer the resource-generating powers of the underlying dynamics. These identities further reveal how resources build up and thermalize in generic quantum circuits. Finally, we show that quantum resources themselves undergo deep thermalization at the subsystem level, offering a complementary and another experimentally accessible route to infer the resource-generating powers. Our work connects deep thermalization to resource quantification, offering a new perspective on the essential role of various resources in generating state designs and on efficient estimation of quantum resources in experiment.
Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn); Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th); Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
arXiv:2512.09999 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2512.09999v3 [quant-ph] for this version)
Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 180401 (2026)
https://doi.org/10.1103/91hd-8k7g DOI(s) linking to related resources
Full text under the publisher's open licence · 220 words
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