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This is a theoretical study of how long an erbium electron spin can stay coherent in cerium oxide, using semiclassical and cluster correlation expansion simulations. The simulations suggest coherence near clock transitions at very low dopant concentrations, with roughly 10 ms expected at 2 K. These are modeling results, not device measurements, so the practical value depends on experimental confirmation of the predicted regimes and on whether telecom-compatible spin qubits in this host can scale.
Clock-transition-enabled long electron spin coherence of telecom emitters in \texorpdfstring{$\mathbf{CeO}_2$}{CeO2}
arXiv:2605.07332v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Rare-earth-ion-doped crystals has emerged as a promising platform for quantum technologies, owing to their narrow telecom-band optical emission, long spin memory, and compatibility with silicon integrated photonic architectures. However, the realization of scalable quantum devices requires host materials with intrinsically dilute spin environments to suppress decoherence. In this context, erbium (Er$^{3+}$) doped cerium oxide (CeO$_2$) is an attractive candidate due to the ultra-low concentration of nuclear spins in the host matrix and its compatibility with silicon-based technologies. Here we perform a comprehensive investigation of the coherence properties of Er$^{3+}$ electron spin qubit in CeO$_2$ via semiclassical as well as detailed cluster correlation expansion simulations. By systematically exploring magnetic field strength, pulse sequences, erbium concentration, and spin temperature, we identify regimes where decoherence from the spin bath is strongly suppressed. Our investigations illustrate that at dilute doping concentration (of the order of 10 ppb) and sub-Kelvin temperatures, operation near clock transitions enables Hahn-echo coherence times to approach the second timescale even at natural isotopic abundance. Importantly, from a practical standpoint, coherence times on the order of $\sim 10$ ms are expected even at liquid helium temperature (about 2 K) for similar concentrations. Moreover, we demonstrate that an additional enhancement can be obtained with conventional multi-$\pi$-pulse dynamical decoupling protocols. Thus, our findings establish Er$^{3+}$ doped CeO$_2$ as a front-runner for realizing spin qubits, quantum memories, and integrated quantum networks.
Abstract:Rare-earth-ion-doped crystals has emerged as a promising platform for quantum technologies, owing to their narrow telecom-band optical emission, long spin memory, and compatibility with silicon integrated photonic architectures. However, the realization of scalable quantum devices requires host materials with intrinsically dilute spin environments to suppress decoherence. In this context, erbium (Er$^{3+}$) doped cerium oxide (CeO$_2$) is an attractive candidate due to the ultra-low concentration of nuclear spins in the host matrix and its compatibility with silicon-based technologies. Here we perform a comprehensive investigation of the coherence properties of Er$^{3+}$ electron spin qubit in CeO$_2$ via semiclassical as well as detailed cluster correlation expansion simulations. By systematically exploring magnetic field strength, pulse sequences, erbium concentration, and spin temperature, we identify regimes where decoherence from the spin bath is strongly suppressed. Our investigations illustrate that at dilute doping concentration (of the order of 10 ppb) and sub-Kelvin temperatures, operation near clock transitions enables Hahn-echo coherence times to approach the second timescale even at natural isotopic abundance. Importantly, from a practical standpoint, coherence times on the order of $\sim 10$ ms are expected even at liquid helium temperature (about 2 K) for similar concentrations. Moreover, we demonstrate that an additional enhancement can be obtained with conventional multi-$\pi$-pulse dynamical decoupling protocols. Thus, our findings establish Er$^{3+}$ doped CeO$_2$ as a front-runner for realizing spin qubits, quantum memories, and integrated quantum networks.
arXiv:2605.07332 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2605.07332v3 [quant-ph] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.07332 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
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Full text under the publisher's open licence · 316 words
